Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

compsci 3 > slr4 - operating systems > Flashcards

slr4 - operating systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the operating system

A

Create an interface for the user to interact with hardware

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do computers handle multitasking

A

Each program is given a small amount of time to execute an instruction before it switches to another program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the purpose of user management

A

Allows multiple users to log on to the same computer
The OS will save settings as well as controlling what files they can access

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a WIMP interface

A

An interface that features windows, icons, menus and pointers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of a scheduler

A

Managing which process to execute next and how long it shoud execute for

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 5 scheduling algorithms

A

First Come First Served (FCFS)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
Shortest Remaining Time (SRT)
Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)
Round Robin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe FCFS

A

Processes are executed in the order that they arrive in the queue
They are executed until they are completed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe SJF

A

Picks the process with the least time remaining and runs it until it is finished

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the round-robin scheduling algorithm

A

Each program is given the same amount of time to run before exiting the CPU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the SRT scheduling algorithm

A

The program with the least amount of time is selected however it is pre-emptive so can suspend currently running programs if one with a shorter time becomes available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe process blocking

A

When a process requires certain conditions, it is put into a blocked state until the conditions are met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe MLFQ

A

When multiple queues are used for different cores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 methods of dividing programs stored in RAM

A

Paging and segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Paging

A

Programs are split into pages of fixed sizes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give a disadvantage of paging

A

It doesn’t account for how the program is split. this could mean that the program runs less efficiently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe segmentation

A

Programs are split into logical divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is virtual memory

A

When the OS uses secondary storage to store programs instead of RAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is an interrupt

A

When another process signals to the processor that it wants attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the ISR

A

The intercept service routine is a program with its own set of instructions that need to be fetched, decoded, and executed to carry out the interrupt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the contents of the program counter need to be changed to at the start of an interrupt

A

The address of the interrupts first instruction

21
Q

What happens to the values stored in registers after an interrupt is received

A

The values are pushed into a stack

22
Q

What happens to the stack after the interrupt is completed

A

The frame of the stack is “popped” off, meaning that all the original values are retrieved and loaded back into the necessary registers

23
Q

Give some examples of high priority interrupts

A

PSU failure
Moving the pointer
Arithmetic overflow

24
Q

What are the 5 types of operating system

A

Multitasking
Multi-user
Distributed
Embedded
Real-time

25
Q

Describe a multitasking operating system

A

An OS that allows multiple programs to be run at the same time

26
Q

Describe a multi-user operating system

A

An OS where multiple people can log on to the same computer and the computer will save settings and manage permissions

27
Q

Describe a distributed OS

A

An OS that controls and coordinates computers connected over a network

28
Q

Describe an embedded operating system

A

An OS that runs on dedicated hardware that runs with maximum efficiency and little processing power to complete a single task

29
Q

Describe a real time operating system

A

An OS designed for safety-critical applications that guarantee a specific maximum response time for critical tasks

30
Q

Where are bios setting stored

A

Flash memory so that settings can be saved

31
Q

What is the kernel

A

The kernel provides an interface between the hardware and software components of the computer

32
Q

What is a device driver

A

Software that tells the OS how to communicate with a device

33
Q

What is a virtual machine

A

A program that has the same functionality as a physical computer, e.g. emulators

34
Q

What is a generic application

A

A program that can be used to carry out different tasks

35
Q

What is a specific application

A

A program that has little or no use outside of its dedicated purpose

36
Q

What is utility software

A

Software designed to:
Keep your computer safe
Keep it running efficiently
Provide you with useful tools

37
Q

Give some examples of utility software

A

File repair
Backup
Compression
Defragmentation
Anti-malware
File management
Device drivers

38
Q

Describe file repair software

A

Software that tries to correct issues with damaged files

39
Q

Describe backup software

A

Software that automatically creates copies of files

40
Q

Describe compression software

A

Software that reduces the size of a file and software that can unzip compressed files

41
Q

What is defragmentation

A

The process of reorganizing files on a hard disk so that fragments of files and free space are together

42
Q

What is open source software

A

Software that is free and can be edited by anyone

43
Q

What is proprietary software

A

Software that is owned by an individual or business

44
Q

What are the advantages to the user of open source software

A

It is free
Has lots of customisation options

45
Q

What are the disadvantages to the user of open source software

A

May be poorly supported
Feature may not be fully tested

46
Q

What are the disadvantages to the creator of open source software

A

Little or no financial gain

47
Q

What are the advantages to the user of closed source software

A

Well supported

48
Q

What are the disadvantages to the user of closed source software

A

May cost money

49
Q

Advantage of RR

A

Prevents certain tasks never being executed

compsci 3 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions