SLPA 100 Final Flashcards
Which of the following is not an employment setting for speech and hearing professionals?
E. all of the above are employment settings (hospitals, private practice, nursing homes, publics schools)
Psychologists, particularly ________, are involved in identifying and treating a variety of cognitive and communication deficits.
D. neuropsychologists
The organization that represents and regulates individuals practicing speech-language pathology and audiology is?
A. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
_______ are tools for advancing theories and research. They provide information to help professionals remain current in their diagnostic and therapeutic skills.
C. Journals
The terminal or highest degree necessary to practice speech-language pathology and audiology is the?
B. Master’s
After completion of the academic training and supervised practicum, the candidate for the Certificate of Clinical Competence must complete a _______. This involves gainful employment, but with 9-12 months of supervision.
B. Clinical Fellowship
It has been said that the higher one goes up the professional ladder, the more exclusively the job becomes?
C. communication
______ is a medical doctor who specializes in medical and surgical management of diseases and disorders of the ear.
A. otologist
_____ is a medical doctor who specializes in the medical and surgical management of diseases and disorders of the ear and throat.
C. otolaryngologist
Frequency of vibration correlates with the psychological perception of_____?
B. pitch
_____ is used when referring to frequency of vibration.
A. Hz
Amplitude of vibration correlates with psychological perception of
A. loudness
_____ is used when referring to loudness.
B. dB
The _____ is one type of graphic representation of air vibration.
C. sound wave form
The speech signal is composed of energy principally below____ cycles per second.
D. 4000
Human hearing range is between 20 and_____ cycles per second.
B. 20,000
_____ occurs when the distance between two molecules is greater than the distance during inertia of the normal resting stage.
A. rarefaction
The_____ energy stage of hearing involves the transformation of acoustic energy by the structure of the middle ear.
C. mechanical
The space between the tympanic membrane and the cochlea is known as the_____ ear.
C. middle
The_____ tube allows air pressure equalization between the middle ear and external environment.
E. eustachian
Sound is transformed into_____ energy at the cochlea.
C. hydraulic
The_____ is to hearing as the eye is to vision.
D. cochlea
The specific cranial nerve that eventually transmits sound to the cortex is the_____ cranial nerve.
A. VIII
_____ hearing loss is the result of impairment of the acoustical and mechanical energy transmission stages.
B. conductive
Dysfunctions of the_____ usually involve long term exposure to noise.
C. cochlea
An air-bone gap suggests a_____ type of hearing loss.
B.conductive
_____ audiometry involves occluding the ear and presenting different pressure levels.
D. impedance
Which reflex is tested during impedance audiometry?
C. stapedial
On the audiogram, the right ear receives a_____ marking.
C. red 0
The hearing test suggested in the section are_____ in nature.
A. screening
In English,there are_____ sounds or phonemes.
A. 44
IPA stands for?
B. International Phonetic Alphabet
Consonants are typically divided into two production classification systems; place and_____.
B. manner
The sound “sh” on the word brush is represented by which IPA symbol?
A. /ʃ/
The sound “ch” on the word chicken is represented by which IPA symbol?
B. /tʃ/
The vowel “ou” om tje word you is represented by which IPA symbol?
B. /u/
THe vowel in the word “hit” is represented by which IPA symbol?
B. /ɪ/
Which of the following is a nasal in English?
D. A and B above are nasals ( /m/ and /n/ )
Which of the following is not a place of articulation sire consonants?
E. All of the above are sites of articulation (labio-dental, lingua-alveolar, lingua-dental, lingua-velar)
_____ production is dependent on lip rounding, height, and position of the tongue in the oral cavity.
B. vowel
Which of the following is not a hard or soft articulation?
E. uvula
Which factor is important in determining the effects of motional duress on articulation development?
E. All of the above are important (regression, mutism, shock or psychologically devastating event)
_____ refers to a pathologically large tongue.
C. macroglossia
_____ is the rule-governed system by which humans produce the sounds of language.
B. phonology
The substitution of a glide for a glide is seen in auditory perceptual deficits and is known as an_____ substitution.
E. in-class
“_at for “cat” is an example of?
A. omission of the /k/ sound initially
Which of the following in an example of /w/ for /r/ substitution initially?
C. wabbit for rabbit
With typical articulation therapy, the produce is to start with the simple, noncomplex behavior and gradually advance to the correct, more_____ task.
C. complex
_____ is the ability to produce the sound when provided with visual and auditory cues.
B. stimulability
The phenomenon by which adjacent sounds affect the production of the target sound is known as?
A. co-articulation
_____ is the final phase of articulation therapy and involves teaching the client to correctly produce the sound during school activities at home.
D. habituation
The “voice box” is also known as the
E. none of the above
A women’s vocal cords vibrate at approximately_____ cycles per second.
B. 250
_____ muscles have both their origin and attachment within the larynx.
A. intrinsic
_____ is the occurrence of too much nasality on non-nasal sounds.
D. hypernasality
Which of the following is NOT a standard voice quality?
E. All of the above are standard voice qualities
Patients with vocal cord paralysis usually have_____ as the primary voice quality.
A. breathiness
A_____ cleft is present when the bones of the palate do not come together but the skin is intact.
D. submucous
_____ is the label given to someone who has undergone a laryngectomy.
B. larynectomee
_____ larygectomies involve the complete removal of the larynx and some adjacent tissue, glands, and muscles.
A. radical
_____ is the speech produced by a person with a with a laryngectomy.
D. esophageal
which of the following is NOT considered a reactive voice disorder?
D. esophageal
_____ is the combination of breathiness and harshness.
A. hoarseness
Which of the following are factors not contributing to chronic vocal abuse?
E. all of the above
_____is the primary treatment to reduce reactive voice disorders.
B. relaxation training
The_____ part of the brain is where language is located for most right-handed individuals.
C. left hemisphere
_____ strokes occur when there is a blockage or restriction of an artery.
C. occlusive
patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) frequently suffer from?
E. all of the above
Apraxia of speech and the dysarthrias are two categories of_____ speech disorders
B. motor
Which of the following is NOT a type of dysarthria?
D. quick hypokinetic
_____ is a dysarthria resulting from damage to the lower motor neurons.
A. flaccid
Approximately_____ percent of the dysarthrias are of mixed variety.
A. 50
Parkinson’s disease usually causes_____ dysarthria.
D. hypokinetic
Patients with_____ of speech have problems programming utterances.
C. apraxia
_____ is a communication disorder that affects an individual’s ability to engage in symbolic processing.
E. aphasia
_____ is defined as a disorder affecting the ability to encode, decode, and manipulate symbols for the purposes of of verbal thought and/or communication/
B. aphasia
When an aphasic patient says “pen” for “pencil” he/she has made an
C. association
_____recovery of language abilities in aphasia due to the natural healing of the brain
B. spontaneous
Which of the following is not a physical condition seen in aphasia?
D. diabetes
Emotional_____ is an exaggerated emotional response typically seen in aphasia.
B. lability
_____ is the tendency of a behavior to persist for a longer period of time than would be warranted by the stimuli presented.
C. perseveration
Which of the following is NOT a treatment listed for the neuropathologies of speech and language
E. vascular stimulation
Which of the following is NOT an area typically assessed and treated in childhood language development and disorders?
B. bio-chemical
_____ refers to the functional processes that underlie language. It is the way language communicates the needs, desires, feelings, and ideas of the child.
D. social-communication abilities
_____ refers to the thought processes that underlie language.
A. cognitive functioning
Children with_____ disorders have difficulty producing the vowels or consonants of their language and combining sounds.
E. phonological
the child who was a_____ disorder will exhibit inappropriate word order or incorrect sequencing of words in phrases or sentences.
A. syntactic
WHen the child say “Baby cry” and the clinician utters, “Yes the baby is crying,”_____ has been provided.
C. expanding
_____ objects are those used by a child in play that stand for or represent other objects.
D. representational
Children with_____ language disorders have problems using language for specific purposes in social context.
C. pragmatic
The majority of stuttering begins between ___and___ years of age.
D. two and seven
The ratio of male to female individuals with stuttering disorders is approximately?
B. 4 to 1
_____ is the avoidance of a feared word and the substitution of another one
C. circumlocution
THe negative emotions experienced by individuals who stutter result from_____ conditioning.
A. classical
Avoidance and_____behaviors have a strong response strength because they have occurred frequently for months and even years.
C. attraction
_____ means that the reward or punishment is applied immediately after a specific behavior.
B. contingent
A child will learn to act in different way if he/she observes someone he/she respects and admires displaying the new behavior. This is an example of the_____ principle.
A. modeling
To stop a child from displaying a certain behavior, arrange his/her environment so that there are no rewards for it occurrence. This is an example of the principle.
E. reward termination
To stop a child from displaying an undesirable behavior, reward him/her for engaging in a behavior that is_____ with the unwanted one.
D. incompatible
It has been proposed that the_____ schedule of reward is the reason people keep trying in the face of possible failure.
B. variable interval
