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slp exam 2 - intro to communication disorders > slp exam2 > Flashcards

slp exam2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is literacy

A

reading and writing

related to cognitive ability, language impairment, academic skills, abstract thinking

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2
Q

decoding

A

breaking down words, blending the sounds together into recognizable real words

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3
Q

phonological awareness

A

the knowledge of sounds and syllables and word structures, ability to manipulate sounds and associate letters and sounds

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4
Q

dynamic literacy

A

relates content to prior knowledge through deductive and inductive reasoning, analyzing and discussing content -> book report

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5
Q

reading comprehension

A

associate what is known with what is decoded

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6
Q

dialogue reading

A

an interactive method of reading -> picture books

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7
Q

emerging literacy - social interactions

A

sharing conversation about the book (child and caregiver)

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8
Q

reading impairments def

A

related to receptive and expressive language difficulties, possible articulation difficlties, language - learning disabilities, nuerological/physical/intelletual genetic disabilities

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9
Q

reading impairments are results of

A

poor word recognition/ decoding abilities, reduced phonological processing, poor word attack skills, poor auditory discrimination, weaknesses in word retrieval, grammar, syntax, semantics, visuospatial skills

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10
Q

children with SLDL compared to typical children

A

comparable verbal IQ/ listening comprehension, below average word reading, below avg decoding, below avg phonological processing

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11
Q

hyperlexia

A

typical or above average ability to read, poor reading comprehension, obsession with letters and words, coexists with poor social skills

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12
Q

what is aphasia

A

involves disturbances in a receptive and expressive language spoken and written

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13
Q

causes of aphasia

A

cerebrovascular accident (stroke), brain tumor, TBI, infections or toxin exposure, dementia, right hemisphere disorder

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14
Q

four lobes

A

frontal lobe - primary motor cortex
parietal lobe - primary sensory cortex
temporal lobe - primary auditory cortex
occipital lobe - primary visual cortex

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15
Q

corpus callosum

A

interhemispheric communication

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16
Q

hemiparesis

A

hemisphere weakness

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17
Q

hemiplegia

A

hemisphere paralysis

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18
Q

hemisensory impairment

A

sensationhas gone from the parietal lobe

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19
Q

hemianopsia

A

damage to the occipital lobe, loss of vision

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20
Q

dysphagia

A

swallowing problem

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21
Q

agnosia

A

loss of semantics

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22
Q

agrammatism

A

loss of grammar, Broca’s aphasia

23
Q

agraphia

A

loss of writing

24
Q

alexia

A

problem reading

25
Q

anomia

A

problem naming objects, word has gone problem

26
Q

jargon

A

real words put together in proper syntax but it doesn’t make sense

27
Q

neologism

A

problem with new words

28
Q

paraphasia

A

substitutions in speech

29
Q

verbal stereotype (stereotypy)

A

same thing over and over

30
Q

semantic paraphasia

A

sub of one word for another, same semantic set

31
Q

emotional lability

A

an extreme emotional reaction to a minor event

32
Q

types of fluent aphasia

A

wernicke’s aphasia
conduction aphasia
anomic aphasia
transcortical sensory aphasia

33
Q

nonfluent aphasia

A

broca’s aphasia
transcortial motor aphasia
mixed aphasia
global aphasia

34
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

the frontal lobe, expressive aphasia, nonfluent, short sent., slow labored speech good auditory comprehension and reading comprehension, poor repetition

35
Q

wernicke’s aphasia

A

the temporal lobe, receptive aphasia, fluent/ hyperfluent, poor auditory and visual comp., verbal paraphasia and neologism, jargon sent. mild to severe anomia, poor repetition

36
Q

conduction aphasia

A

parietal lobe, good auditory comprehension or midly impaired, mostly fluent speech, paraphasia, anomia, impaired imitation skills

37
Q

global aphasia

A

all lobes, poor auditory comp, limited expressive skills, often stereotypic, severe anomia, awful imitation skills

38
Q

what is a motor speech disorder

A

speech deficit caused by damage to the CNS and PNS, results in dysarthria and apraxia

39
Q

pyramidal tract

A

responsible for rapid, discrete, volitional movements of limbs and articulators

40
Q

extrapyramidal tract

A

regulates reflexes and maintains posture and muscle tone

41
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves - 12 pairs

spinal nerves - 31 pairs

42
Q

flaccid dysarthria

A

damage to cranial and spinal nerves, weak and low tone

caused by bells palsy, progressive bulbar palsy

43
Q

spastic dysarthria

A

damage to cranial and spinal nerves increased or hyperactive muscle tone, vocal folds can abruptly close causing strained-strangled voice

44
Q

ataxic dysarthria

A

damage to the cerebellum, incoordination, reduced muscle tone, slow writhing movements

45
Q

hypokinetic dysarthria

A

extrapyramidal system, slow and reduced range of motion, stiffness, speedy speech

46
Q

hyperkinetic dysarthria

A

damage to extrapyramidal system, basil ganglia, problem inhibiting unwanted movements -> tourettes

47
Q

characteristics of dysarthria

A

articulatory, respiratory, phonatory, prosody

48
Q

apraxia

A

impaired ability to plan or program the sensory and motor commands needed for speech production and motor movement

49
Q

transcortical sensory aphasia

A

parietal lobe, speech production and repetition are excellent, comprehension is poor

50
Q

transcortical motor aphasia

A

frontal lobe, difficulty producing speech, good repetition and comprehension

51
Q

right hemisphere damage aphasia

A

visuospatial neglect, neglect of left side, poor auditory/ visual comprehension

52
Q

TBI

A

anomia, impaired comprehension

53
Q

arcuate fasciculus

A

fiber that connects Broca’s area to Wernicke’s area

slp exam 2 - intro to communication disorders (1 decks)

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