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Science > slop 5 > Flashcards

slop 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

State the colour of a strong acid in universal indicator.

A

red

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2
Q

State the colour of a neutral in universal indicator.

A

green

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3
Q

State the colour of an alkali in universal indicator.

A

purple

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4
Q

Give three examples of acids. Give their formula.

A

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3)

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5
Q

Name some examples of alkalis

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Lithium hydroxide (LiOH).

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6
Q

What will happen to the pH of an alkali if an acid is added to it?

A

pH decreases.

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7
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The splitting of an ionic compound in to its elements using electricity.

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8
Q

What is the name of the substance that is electrolysed?

A

Electrolyte

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9
Q

What state must the compound be in during electrolysis and why?

A

Molten or dissolved in solution. Ions are free to move about within the liquid or solution.

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of electrolysis?

A

Requires lots of energy to melt ionic compounds, usually from fossil fuels (very expensive)

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11
Q

What is the name of the positive electrode?

A

Anode

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12
Q

What is the name of the negative electrode?

A

cathode

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13
Q

What ions go to the positive electrode?

A

Negative

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14
Q

What ions go to the negative electrode?

A

positive

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15
Q

Predict the products if lead bromide undergoes electrolysis.

A

Lead and bromine

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16
Q

Predict the products if tin chloride undergoes electrolysis.

A

tin and chlrorine

17
Q

Predict the products if copper chloride undergoes electrolysis.

A

Copper and chlorine

18
Q

Predict the products if sodium fluoride undergoes electrolysis.

A

Sodium and fluorine

19
Q

What is added to aluminium oxide to reduce its melting point?

A

Cryolite

20
Q

Predict the products if aluminium oxide undergoes electrolysis.

A

aluminium and oxygen

21
Q

Explain why the positive electrode must be replaced.

A

The oxygen reacts with the carbon electrode to produce carbon dioxide.

22
Q

What does aqueous mean?

A

Dissolved in water.

23
Q

What ions are present in NaCl(aq)?

A

Na+ Cl- H+ OH-

24
Q

Which would be produced at the negative electrode; hydrogen or sodium?

A

Hydrogen (less reactive than sodium)

25
Q

Which would be produced at the negative electrode; hydrogen or copper?

A

Copper (less reactive than hydrogen)

26
Q

Which would be produced at the positive electrode; chlorine or oxygen?

A

Chlorine (because it’s a halogen)

27
Q

Which would be produced at the positive electrode; oxygen or sulfate?

A

Oxygen (always produced unless there is a halide)

28
Q

When is electrolysis used to extract metals from molten compounds?

A

If the metal is too reactive to be extracted by reduction with carbon.

Science (6 decks)

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