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110_Cardiac > Slide_Chapter 36_Valvular > Flashcards

Slide_Chapter 36_Valvular Flashcards

1
Q

Slide #2, #4
Types of Valvular Heart Disease

A
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2
Q

Valvular Heart disease caused by

A

Dysfunction
Stenosis
Regurgitation

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3
Q

Slide#5
Stenosis is

A

hardening to tight constriction/ narrowing of the cardiac valves that causes back
dysfunction
Stenosis
Regurgitation

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4
Q

Slide#5
Risk of
Valvular Heart Disease leads to

A

a-fib

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5
Q

Slide#15
Clinical Manifestations of valvular heart disease

A

Dyspnea
Murmur
Fatigue
Palpitations
Hoarsness
Hemiplegia
Chest pain

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6
Q

Slide#17
Cause

A

Strep throat - ask the pt did you have sore throat recently. Tell the pt. to say ah…check to see throat is red

Damage caused by MI
Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Infective Endocarditis

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7
Q

Slide#20
Heart pumps
Chronic mitral valve regurgitation

A
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8
Q

Slide#20
Any kind of valve problem the pt. develops, we have a

A

Heart murmur

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9
Q

Slide#21 valve
Clinical manifestations

A

Thready pulse
Cool and Clammy extremities - call doctor immediately.

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10
Q

Slide#24
It progresses to orthopnea, proxysymal dyspnea, noctural audible heart sound S3 murmur

A
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11
Q

Slide#26 like mushroom
Asymptomatic murmur = regurgitation

A
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12
Q

Slide#27 and slide#28 Remember

A

They all cause arrhythmias
Dizziness
Endocardidits
Chest Pain

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13
Q

Slide#28
Surgery for Mitral Valve
Change valve or prosthetic valve made fo plastic

A

Immunosupressants given to quite down neutrophils

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14
Q

Treatment for valve prolapse
Chest pain

A

For chest pain give beta blockers which top palpitations and decreases HR

Metoprolol and Atenolol, labetelol
Then Surgery

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15
Q

With Mitral valve rememember

A

No nitro
only beta blockers

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16
Q

Slide#29
Pt. education with prosthetic valve

A

Antibiotics prophylaxis, healthy diet, avoid caffeine
Avoid caffeine = no stimuant
Nervous = take deep breath for perfusion, and exercise

17
Q

Slide#30
Childhood diagnosis for valvular problems

18
Q

RF (Rheumatic Fever) casues degeneration of valves in aldults and this can lead to

A

Respiratory Failure

19
Q

RF accompany MR

20
Q

Clinical Manifestations of valvular problem

A

Exercitional dyspnea: ANgina, Syncope, Dsypnea

21
Q

Slide #34
Poor prognosis if symptomatic and not corrected
and
use nitro with caution

22
Q

Slide#36
Leaflet/ flip-flopping

Back to aorta to ventricles to left ventricles

23
Q

Acute AR

A

Trauma
IE
Aortic Dossection

24
Q

Slide #38 Clinical Manifestations of AVR

A

Dyspnea
Chest Pain
Hypotension
Leads to cardiogenic shock which is life-threatening requires surgery

25
Q

Slide#39
Asymptomic

A

Angina occurs less

26
Q

In chronic slide #39

A

Water-hammer pulse
Strong hammer thenno hammer

that is
Strong and it collapses

27
Q

Tricuspid Stenosis causes

A

Systemic Venous Pressure

28
Q

Right atria affected what do you see? Clinical Manifestations:

A

Peripheral Edema
Ascites
Hepatic stenosis
Murmur

29
Q

Slide #41
Pulmonic valve stenosis

A

Fatigue
Loud murmur

30
Q

Dignostic Pulmonic valve stenosis

A

CT Scan,
X-Ray to see how hig is your heart and valve
Echocardiogram
Heart catherization to check rigidity

31
Q

Slide#43
Prevention fo RF and IE

A

Prophylaxis when you go for procedure.

32
Q

Prevent exacerbation of Heart Failure, Pulmonary Edema, Endocarditis

33
Q

Slide#46
Digoxin
Vasodilators
Beta blockers given for palpitations and chest pain
Diuretics
Anticoagulant therapy

34
Q

Slide# 47
Valvuloplasty = not for regurgitation
Valvuloplasty is only used to change valve

A

In valvuloplasty, baloon is put inside to allow blood to flow.

35
Q

With prosthetic valve you will have what for life?

A

Anticoagulants so that platelets don’t stick together

36
Q

Mitral valve = artio-ventricular regurgitation

A

Pt has a sore throat

37
Q

Left atrial problem = Pulmonary

A

Check pt has a sore throat? Rheumatoid Fever?

110_Cardiac (8 decks)

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