slide show 1-23 post

Question 1

what are some general applications of microbiology

Answer 1

Agriculture
food fermentation
plant disease resistance
biodegradation of pesticides
waste management
pulp and paper production
antibiotic biosynthesis
food spoilage and preservation
renominate DNA virus vaccines
gene therapy

Question 2

what are the kinds of temporal and spatial organization which must be taken into account when discussing envoirments which micro organisms can thrive

Answer 2

Temp
pH(acidophiles neutrophils)
nutrients levels and available nutrients
moisture and water activity(big one)

Question 3

what are the common archaea phenotypes

Answer 3

Methanogenic (methane) - these are often found in interphase zones where there is a gradients between extreme envoirments
halophilic(salt)
thermophilic (heat)

Question 4

what are the 3 basic units in flagellar structure

Answer 4

filament, hook and basal body

Question 5

what is the difference between gram neg a and gram positive flagellar structure

Answer 5

Gram - have2 pairs of rings in the Basle body which is attached to the cells wall (outer and inner attached to pm)

Gram+ has 1 pair of rings in the Basle body which is attached to the pm

Question 6

what are prokaryotic cells walls generally susptiable to?

Answer 6

the action of lysozyme which attacks the peptidoglycan backdown along with antibiotics

Question 7

what are the differences between a gram negative and gram positive cell wall structure

Answer 7

Gram positive will hold onto the stain while gram negatives will not this is due to gram positives have many layers of peptidoglycan which traps the stain in the wall(gram negative will have a much thinner peptidoglycan structure)

Question 8

which type of cell can you find the periplasmic space and what is its function

Answer 8

The gram negative– this space allows fot free floating structures which allows gram negative to better respond to external stimulus

Question 9

why do lab strains lose functionality

Answer 9

lab stains tend to get lazy and “de-evolve” as they get lazy as the grow in the able in a envoirment which cotains all of the nutirants of there own same idea in lazy humans if you dont use it then u lose it

Question 10

heterotrophs vs autotrophs

Answer 10

Hetero(meaning more then one) require more then one source of organic carbon

Auto use CO2 as there primary source of Carbon

so the main difference is there nurturant sources

Question 11

what happens when a acidophile, alkaliphiles or neutriphiles are found in the wrong pH

Answer 11

you will see a break down of the cell wall and explusion of interal fluids

Question 12

what form the metabolites needed for secondary metabolic pathways?

Answer 12

central metabolic pathways

Question 13

the Entner Doudoroff pathway

Answer 13

this pathway is mainly found in aerobic gram negative bacteria which yeilds realtivly low amms of ATP , This pathway is used mainly for sugar degradation(often a last resort pathway)

Question 14

what is lithotrophy

Answer 14

this is the process by which energy is derived from the oxidation of inorganic compounds

the main source of inorginic carbon is often CO2