Slide 11 - The Age of Cathedrals: Romanesque & Gothic Architecture in France Flashcards
T: Creation of Adam and Eve.
D:1015
C: Ottonian (919-1024 CE)
Bronze doors of St. Michael’s Church, Hildesheim, Germany, 1015.
Creation of Adam: God has a halo.
Creation of Eve:
Weird trees with each branch having a Pom at the end.
T: The Meeting of Adam and Eve.
D: 1015
C: Ottonian Culture - 919-1024 CE.
Bronze doors of ST. Michael’s Church, Hildeshein, Germany, 1015.
Context: God said not to pick the fruit from the tree of knowledge. Adam points to Eve saying she had done it. Devil is under Eve.
Define Pilgrimage.
Going on a journey or a religious journey.
Define ambulatory with radiating chapels.
The ambulatory is the walk around the church pathway. The radiating chapels are on the walls alongside the ambulatory. Chapels radiating on the bays or divisions of the apse.
Define reliquary.
A container for holy relics.
Define Gothic.
of or in the style of architecture prevalent in western Europe in the 12th–16th centuries, characterized by pointed arches, rib vaults, and flying buttresses, together with large windows and elaborate tracery.
Define ribbed vault with pointed arches.
Ribbed vault is the intersection of two or three barrel vaults. The pointed arches is an arch that forms a point in the center when they intersect.
Define phi.
a/b= (A+B)/A . 2 quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sun to the larger of the two quantities. a+b is to a as a is to b. Golden section= 1:0.6
Define piers/ compound piers.
in Romanesque and Gothic architecture, feature of a nave arcade designed for the support of arches and to bring arch and pier into harmony. The forerunner of the Gothic clustered column, it is cross-shaped in section, with shafts placed in the recesses. It occurs widely in France and in England, where it is found in some English parish churches and in monumental form in such Norman (Romanesque) cathedral churches as those of Durham, Winchester, Ely, and Peterborough.
Define flying buttresses.
An external, arched support for the wall of a church or other building. Flying buttresses were used in many Gothic cathedrals; they enabled builders to put up very tall but comparatively thin stone walls, so that much of the wall space could be filled with stained-glass windows.
Important Dates: The Age of Cathedrals.
Ottonian: 919-1024 CE
Romanesque: 11-12th century. Mostly architectural style.
Gothic: ca. 1140-1400 overlaps with Romanesque and Renaissance
T: Abbey Church of Sainte Foy
D: ca.1050-1120
C: Romanesque and Romanesque style.
A place to travel to and pray. St. Foy = at. Faith. Church of Sainte Foy is an important pilgrimage church on the route to Sanriago de Compostela in N. Spain. It’s an abbey, meaning that the church was part of a monastery where monks lived, prayed and worked. It’s a Romanesque church and has barrel vaulted nave lined with arches in the interior.
-cruciform plan, apse w/smaller chapels, Saints shrines, sanctuary of saint Foy. Includes ambulatory, transept exit and crossing.
Compare and contrast the Abbey Church of Sainte Foy and the Church of Sainte Sernin.
L
T: Reliquary of Saint Foy (St. Faith)
D: 11th-12th century.
C: Romanesque
Golden statue embellished with many colored jewels. Two arms reach out and palms parallel to each other. Eyes big and painted black and white versus the whole gold statue. Sitting in a chair with 4 orbs. Chair also gold and embellished all around.
T: Virgin and Child from Auvergne, France
D: 1150-1200
C: Romanesque 11-12th century
Polychrome wood, 31” tall. Mother and son. Wooden, carved lines into body to look like clothing. Stylization of clothing. Stiffness and face austere. Controlled sterness. A seriousness that holds empathy. Middle zone gaze. Beyond stoicism.
