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Psychiatry > Sleep Wake Disorders > Flashcards

Sleep Wake Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Non-rapid eye movement is divided into how many stages based on EEG?

A

Four stages

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2
Q

What is characterized by slowing of EEG rhythms, higher muscle tone, absence of eye movements, and absence of thought like activity?

A

Sleep

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3
Q

What stage of NREM is associated with theta waves?

A

Stage 1

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4
Q

What stage of NREM is associated with sleep spindles and K complexes?

A

Stage 2

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5
Q

What stage of NREM is associated with delta waves? This stage is also the deepest part of NREM and increases after exercise.

A

Stage 3

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6
Q

What type of sleep is associated with an aroused EEG, sexual arousal, saccadic eye movements, and dreaming?

A

REM (Rapid Eye Movement)

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7
Q

Learning and memory is associated with a(n) ___ REM?

A

Increased

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8
Q

What intefers with performance of complex tasks, decreased attention to detail, and the in ability to deal with crisis?

A

Sleep deprivation

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9
Q

Sleep deprivation has its greatest effects on what part of the brain?

A

Cerebral cortex

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10
Q

What hormone is increased in stage 4 sleep?

A

hGH

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11
Q

What happens to the levels of prolactin and serotonin during sleep?

A

Increased

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12
Q

What happens to the levels of dopamine and TSH during sleep?

A

Decreased

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13
Q

What sleep disorder is associated with dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality and difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep?

A

Insomnia disorder

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14
Q

Insomnia disorder must occur how many nights per week?

A

3 nights per week

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15
Q

What disorder is associated with self-reported excessive sleepiness despite a main sleep period lasting at least 7 hours? Patients lapses into sleep within the same day. Sleep episodes are greater than 9 hours.

A

Hypersomnolence disorder

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16
Q

What disorder is associated with recurrent periods of irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep, or napping? Patients may experience episodes of cataplexy.

A

Narcolepsy

17
Q

What type of apnea is characterized by at least 5 episodes of obstructive apneas per hour of sleep and symptoms OR evidence 15 obstructive apneas per hours regardless of symptoms?

A

Obstructive sleep apnea

18
Q

What type of sleep apnea is associated with 5 central apnea per hour with no evidence of obstruction? Cheyne-Stokes breathing is seen in this type of apnea.

A

Central sleep apnea

19
Q

What type of sleep disorder is characterized by episodes of decreased respiration associated with elevated CO2?

A

Sleep related hypoventilation

20
Q

Comorbid sleep-related hypoventilation is associated with what?

A

A medical conduction, such as a pulmonary disorder

21
Q

What type of sleep-wake disorder is associated with a persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disruption due to alteration of circadian system OR misalignment between endogenous circadian rhythm and sleep wake schedule?

A

Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder

22
Q

What disorder is associated with recurrent episodes of incomplete awakening from sleep accompanied by sleepwalking or sleep terrors?

A

Non-REM sleep arousal disorder

23
Q

What type of disorder is associated with extremely dysphoric and well-remembered dreams that usually involves efforts to avoid threats to survival, security, or physical integrity?

A

Nightmare disorder

24
Q

What type of disorder is associated with repeated episodes of arousal during sleep associated with vocalization or complex motor behaviors? These activities arise during REM sleep.

A

REM sleep behavior disorder

25
Q

What disorder is characterized by an urge to move legs usually accompanied by a response to an uncomfortable sensation in the legs? This worsens with activity and is relieved by movement.

A

Restless leg syndrome

26
Q

What neurotransmitter increases wakefulness and is antagonistic to sleep?

A

Dopamine

27
Q

Alcohol intoxication decreases what part of sleep?

A

REM

28
Q

Barbiturates decreases what part of sleep?

A

REM

29
Q

Major depression disorder decreases what period of sleep

A

REM

30
Q

What NT does what to sleep?

A

Initiates

31
Q

ACH is higher during what sleep cycle?

A

REM

32
Q

Norepinephrine is lower during what sleep cycle?

A

REM

33
Q

What NT produces arousal and wakefulness?

A

Dopamine

Psychiatry (11 decks)

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