sleep and dreaming unit

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

the awareness of objects and events in the external world and our sensations mental experiences and existence

Question 2

normal waking consciousness

Answer 2

awareness of internal stage and external surrounding when awake and unaffected by sleep, drugs or other states

Question 3

altered state of consciousness

Answer 3

anything that is not an altered state of consciousness

Question 4

sleep

Answer 4

a reversible behavioural state of perceptual disengagement and unresponsiveness to the enviroment

Question 5

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 5

a tiny region of the brain in the hypothalamus and is responsible for controlling circadian rythems

Question 6

melatonin

Answer 6

a hormone produced and secreted by the pineal gland/ high levels lead to sleepyness

Question 7

reticular activating system

Answer 7

network of neurons that extends out from the rf to diffrent parts of the brain and spinal cord

Question 8

reticular formation

Answer 8

structure running through the brain stem and up into the mid brain / critical in reducing the stimuli that is sent to the cerebral cortex

Question 9

thalamus

Answer 9

transfer station for information coming from the senses
closes sensory pathways at night
transfers neural information from the rf to the cerebral cortex

Question 10

electroencephalograph ( eeg)

Answer 10

detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity that is generated by the brain
distinguishable patterns of electrical activity

Question 11

electromyograph

Answer 11

detects amplifies and records activity of the muscles

Question 12

electroculogram

Answer 12

eye movements or eye positions

Question 13

psychodynamic theories of dreaming

Answer 13

wish fufilment and unconscious desires

Question 14

activation synthesis hypothesis

Answer 14

as the body and brain cycle through the day and night the chemical that activates the nerves of the brainstem shift and changes

Question 15

sleep phenomena

Answer 15

any observable experiences which occur during sleep

Question 16

nightmares

Answer 16

occur in rem sleep

bad/frightening dreams

Question 17

night terrors

Answer 17

sudden awakening from sleep in extremely distresses state

occurs in stage 3 and 4

Question 18

insomnia

Answer 18

cant get to sleep

cant stay asleep

Question 19

hypersomnia

Answer 19

excessive sleepiness when awake or sleep of excessive duration.

Question 20

sleep apnea

Answer 20

temporary suspension in breathing for short period

Question 21

sleep hygiene

Answer 21

maintaing a regular bed and awakening time

keeping a routine

Question 22

micro sleep

Answer 22

people naturally drifting into micro sleep after 3-4 days of sleep deprivation
lasts around 30 seconds.

Question 23

meditation

Answer 23

practice of turning your attention to a single point of reference

Question 24

hypnosis

Answer 24

altered state of consciousness of increased suggestibility that a person may experience after being given instructions.