Sleep and Dreaming

Question 1

How can brain activity be measured

Answer 1

ECG: Electroencephalograph

Question 2

Four stages of sleep

Answer 2

Sleep stage 1-4 is call NREM sleep

Question 3

Stage 1

Answer 3

(Sleep onset). Where there is light sleep, can easily be woken up. Muscles are less active, eye movements are slow and can twitch suddenly. Alpha brain activity is resting and theta shows periods between wake and sleep

Question 4

Stage 2

Answer 4

Late night stage). ye movements stop, Body temperature drops and heart rates slows. Relatively easy to wake up.
Theta brainwaves slow down but bursts of brain activity. (spindles)

Question 5

Stage 3

Answer 5

(deep sleep). Stage is between light and deep sleep. Body repairs itself. Heart and breathing rate continue to fall. Difficult to wake up. Slow delta and some faster waves

Question 6

Stage 4

Answer 6

(deep sleep). Hard to wake up. No eye movements. Can experience sleepwalking or night terrors.

Question 7

REM Sleep

Answer 7

REM sleep is where there is rapid eye movements. approx. 2 hours dreaming during REM sleep. all incoming sensory information is blocked, known as sensory blockade. Characteristics of this stage include: Irregular breathing, Eyes jerking, Movement inhibition (paralysed muscles), an increase in heart rate and blood pressure and dreaming. REM sleep stimulates learning and an increase in proteins. REM SLEEP HELPS IN LEARNING AS IT CAN HELP STIMULATE THE CEREBRAL CORTEX BRAIN REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LEARNING WHICH HELPS THE DEVELOP OF BRAIN ESPECIALLY DURING INFANCY WHERE THERE IS MORE REM SLEEP

Question 8

The sleep cycle

Answer 8

Cycle of sleep lasts for 90 minutes

Question 9

Functions and benefits of sleep

Answer 9

Adults tend to need to have about 7 to 8 hours of sleep. Teenagers need about 9 hours. Sleep helps neurons repair themselves, Deep sleep can also help avoid the breakdown of proteins. 20% of our sleep is REM, Infants REM sleep is around 50%, REM SLEEP HELPS IN LEARNING AS IT CAN HELP STIMULATE THE CEREBRAL CORTEX BRAIN REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LEARNING WHICH HELPS THE DEVELOP OF BRAIN.

Question 10

REM sleep

Answer 10

Part of sleep cycle with rapid eye movement, when dreaming occurs

Question 11

Sleep cycle

Answer 11

Nightly pattern of deep sleep, light sleep and dreaming

Question 12

NREM sleep

Answer 12

Non-rapid eye movement

Question 13

Sensory blockade

Answer 13

In REM sleep, all incoming sensory information is blocked

Question 14

Neuron

Answer 14

Nerve cell that transmits information

Question 15

Movement inhibition

Answer 15

in REM sleep, When movement is prevented

Question 16

internal and external influences on sleep, strengths and weaknesses

Answer 16

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