Sleep

Question 1

Babies and REM sleep

Answer 1

• Babies are born with both Non-Rapid Eye Movement and Rapid-Eye Movement stages of sleep.
• Initially the sleep cycle is 50 minutes and by preschool years it reached 90 minutes.

Question 2

How much sleep do children need?

Answer 2

0-3 mo: 10.5-18 hrs
4-12 mo: 9-12 hr at night, 4 naps during day (less as age)
toddlers: 11-14 hr of sleep, 1 long nap
3-5 yr: 11-13 hr, need for nap fades as age
6-13 yr: 9-11 hr, no nap

Question 3

Sleep and mental illness

Answer 3

• Sleep and mental illness. these are not simply associated, they are physically connected and overlapping in the brain. The genes that are responsible for sleep if they are mutated they increase likelihood of mental illness. • sleep disruption actually precedes many mental illnesses

Question 4

General

Answer 4

• Young children will talk in their sleep for the first 30 minutes
• Dreams help with learning and memory
• Sleep doesn’t arise from a single area in the brain

Question 5

♣ What is the link between sleep during infancy and preschoolers (and later) cognitive ability?

Answer 5

“consistent with hypotheses, children getting higher proportions of their sleep at night as infants were found to perform better on executive functions, but did not show better general cognition.”

Question 6

♣ What is night-time sleep ratio?

Answer 6

• 7pm – 8am, how much of this time are children sleeping?

Question 7

How did they measure executive function?

Answer 7

• Abstract problem solving

Baby stroop test. With shapes.

Question 8

♣ How did they measure general cognition?

Answer 8

• Intelligence test.

Question 9

if children wake up a lot during the night

Answer 9

• they have less executve function at 3-4 years

o if didn’t have enough food during the day, noisy environment, trauma, sick, mental illness, pain

Question 10

Early sleep regulation is a strong predictor of the following at 3-4 ys:

Answer 10

• Attention regulation

- Behavioural problems

Question 11

Which sleeping practice is best?

Answer 11

• cosleeping is a new movement in us. Babies sleeping in same bed as family.
No findings about best sleeping practices.
When babies sleep first 3 months with mom, they sleep better

Question 12

Sleep and mortality?

Answer 12

• Clear link between lack of sleep and mortality rates in old people. People with low sleep ratio have inflammation problems at old age. Related to immune system. Sleep too much as old person it contributes to high blood pressure and heart disease.

Question 13

What are the results of good sleep?

Answer 13

energy conservation, restoration, creativity, memory improvement

Question 14

What are the results of poor sleep?

Answer 14

poor judgment 
impulsive
poor memory
drugs, alcohol, weight, stress
•	shift workers have higher rate of cancer bc of stress and lack of sleep