Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology SAC 1 > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Sleep

A

an altered state of consciousness that features the suspension of awareness of the external environment and is accompanied by a number physiological changes in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sleep pattern

A

rhythms of sleep and walking so steady that they continue for many days, even when clocks and external light and dark cues have been removed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Melatonin

A

a hormone that is secreted to regulate the sleep wake cycle and cause drowsiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pineal gland

A

a gland located in the center of the brain that helps regulate body rhythms and sleep cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

EOG (Electroculargraph)

A

a machine used to detect, amplify, and record the electrical activity of the muscles surrounding the eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

EMG(Electromyograph)

A

a machine used to detect, amplify, and record the electrical activity created by active muscles of the body, using electrodes attached to the skins surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hypnogogic state

A

a state that is experienced just before falling asleep and is characterised by slow, rolling eye movements and deep relaxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Polysomnography

A

intensive study of a sleeping person involving simultaneous monitoring and recording of various physiological responses during the course of their sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much of our sleep time is spent in NREM and how much is spent in REM

A

80,20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How much does each cycle of sleep last

A

approx. 90 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What increases as the night progresses and what decreases (REM and NREM

A

Periods NREM sleep decrease and REM sleep increases (REM sleep lengthens as the night progresses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

REM (Rapid Eye Movement)
Definition
What happens?

A

A type of sleep characterised by an increase in physiological functions as parts of the body are in states of arousal, however at the same time the muscles of the body are in a state of paralysis.

dreaming
random, fast, sawtooth pattern of beta like waves
heart rate increases
breathing becomes more rapid and irregular
blood pressure varies
genitals become aroused
eyes dart around sockets
in state of atonia- complete paralyisis
sort and consolidate memories
may increase dramatically when there is some sort of emotionally charged event e.g. death of family member
lasts an average of 90 minutes per night
essential for restoration of the minds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is essential for the restoration of the mind and what is essential for the restoration of the body?

A 
REM= mind
NREM= body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

atonia

A

a lack of time in the muscles, or muscle paralysis, experienced during dream sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is REM considered paradoxical sleep

A

Although brainwaves resemble alertness, REM sleep is actually considered quite a deep sleep because it is difficult to to wake an individual in this stage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NREM
definition
What happens?

A

A type of sleep that is broken into 4 stages where the sleeper falls into a deeper sleep as the stages progress; characterised by relaxation of the muscles, a slowing down of physiological functions and brainwaves that decrease in frequency and increase in amplitude.

slower heart and respiratory rates
increase in growth hormone secretion
vigorous stimulation required to wake
dream free 80% of the time
essential for the restoration of the body
17
Q

Stage 1 NREM
What waves does it have
How long does it last
What happens

A

alpha and theta waves, 2-10 minutes, hypnogogic state, hypnic jerk

heart rate slows

  • breathing becomes irregular
  • muscles relax— this may trigger a hypnic jerk
  • aka light sleep
  • marked by alpha brainwaves - theta waves begin to appear
  • brainwaves become higher in amplitude and lower in frequency
  • lasts for approx. 2-10 minutes
  • people awakened may or may not feel as though they have been sleeping
18
Q

What is a hypnic jerk?

When does it occur?

A

a reflex muscle contraction that occurs during stage 1 NREM

19
Q

Stage 2 NREM
What waves does it have
How long does it last
What happens

A

theta waves, 20-30 minutes

  • body rate drops
  • heart and respiratory rates continue to slow down
  • can be woken by a loud noise
  • theta waves
  • sleep spindles- seem to mark the true boundary of sleep
  • k-complex- thought to be involved in memory consolidation
  • lasts for approx. 20-30 minutes
  • if a person is awakened with 4 minutes of sleep spindles they will report they were asleep
20
Q

sleep spindles
What is it?
at what stage is it experienced?

A

a type of brain activity characterised by a short burst of high-frequency brainwaves, experienced during stage 2 NREM sleep

21
Q

k-complex
What is it?
at what stage is it experienced?

A

a short burst of high amplitude brainwaves, experienced in stage 2 NREM sleep

22
Q

Stage 3 NREM
What waves does it have
How long does it last
What happens

A

theta and delta waves, 3-20 minutes

  • physiological responses begin to steady
  • theta waves continue to appear- delta waves also begin to appear (aka the emergence of SWS)
  • presence of delta waves= further loss of consciousness
  • transitional stage
  • last for approx. 3-10 minutes
  • more difficult to awaken
23
Q

SWS (slow wave sleep)

A

a sleep state characterised by the emergence of delta waves; SWS is experienced during stages 3+4

24
Q

Stage 4 NREM
What waves does it have
How long does it last
What happens

A

deep sleep, delta waves

  • pure delta waves
  • will wake in confusion
  • may not recall hearing noise
  • may take a few minutes to orientate
  • can last for approx. 20-30 minutes but decreases as the night progresses
  • appearance of sleep problems such as sleep-walking and bed-wetting
25
Q 
NREM vs. REM in terms of 
Eye movements
Brainwaves
Physiological arousal
Muscles
Dreams
Duration
Type of replenishment
A

NREM VS. REM NREM sleep REM sleep
Eye movements non-rapid eye movements rapid, jerky eye movements
Brainwaves alpha to delta waves beta-like waves
Physiological arousal decreases increases
Muscles some sharp movements, small amount of muscular activity atonia- muscles are in a state of paralysis
Dreams not likely to be present but are illogical when they are common
Duration decreases as the night progresses increases as the night progresses
Type of replenishment replenishes the body replenishes the mind

Psychology SAC 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions