sleep Flashcards
N1
transition to sleep.
Easily roused
N2
light sleep.
K complexes and spindles
N3
deep sleep.
Hard to rouse, minimal movement.
Regular breathing
Big slow delta (triangle) waves on EEG
REM
Dream sleep Rapid eye movements (eye movements opp direction to the EEG on study) Partial paralysis Irreg breathing Inc. upper airway tone Decreased tidal vol In the 2nd half of the night.
Nightmares
REM
Can recall
Takes 20 mins to settle but can be comforted
Night terrors.
Sleep talking.
Sleep walking.
Confusional arousal.
(Ie. parasomnias)
Non-REM sleep. Usually, end of N3 Runs in family Can be multiple/night Straight back to sleep Can't remember
Parasomnia Mx
Clonaz
Anticipatory waking
Rhythmic movement disorder
often in autism/dev delay
Noy specific to sleep phase
Periodic limb movement disorder. aetiology and Mx?
Type of restless leg syndrome, awake or asleep. Due to low iron in CNS.
Mx: Iron - keep ferritin >50
What NT keeps us awake?
What does deficiency cause?
orexin (aka hypocretin 1)
Narcolepsy w or w/o cataplexy
fall asleep in day but no REM
hypersomnia
fall asleep in day with REM
narcolepsy
Rx for narcolepsy
step 1: methylphen or dexamphetamine
step 2: modafinil (better rx but more exxy and only PBS if failed step 1)
what is apnoea?
> 90% reduction in flow for 2 or more resp cycles
effort in obstructive apnoea
continued effort
