Sleep

Question 1

what activates the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus? what chemical

Answer 1

adenosin

Question 2

if the VLPL is stimulated, what happens in terms of sleep

Answer 2

sleep MORE
no wakefulness
inhibit tuberomammillary nucleus of hypothalamus( less histamine)
inhibit brainstem nuclei (less ACh, serotonin, epinephrine)

Question 3

what is located within the raphe nuclei

Answer 3

serotonin

Question 4

locus coeruleus

Answer 4

norepinephrine

Question 5

paraventricular nucleus: what hormone does it stimulate

Answer 5

suprachiasmatic nucleus stimulates PVN which then sends signals down spinal cord which then synapse on superior cervical ganglia. This stim neurons that go up to pineal gland which releases melatonin.

Question 6

narcolepsy

Answer 6

mutations in orexin receptor gene supposedly, hyperexcitability of neurons that generate REM sleep

REM sleep attacks (awake, randomly suddenly enter REM sleep)