SLD Flashcards
What is specific learning disorder?
A neurodevelopmental disorder affecting the ability to perceive or process verbal and nonverbal information efficiently.
It results from the interaction between heritable and environmental factors.
What academic skills are often compromised in specific learning disorder?
- Reading skills
- Comprehension
- Written expression
- Spelling
- Calculation
- Mathematical reasoning
These skills lead to underachievement inconsistent with the child’s overall intellectual ability.
How does specific learning disorder affect a child’s academic performance?
Children often struggle to keep up with peers in certain subjects while excelling in others.
This leads to unexpected underachievement based on their potential.
What is the familial aggregation pattern of specific learning disorder?
Increased risk of four to eight times for reading deficits
and five to ten times for mathematics deficits in first-degree relatives.
This suggests a genetic component to the disorder.
What is the gender ratio for specific learning disorder?
Occurs two to three times more often in males than in females.
ICD: As with most other developmental disorders, SLD conditinos are substantially more common in boys
This could be due to better detection rates in males due to their comorbid ADHD & conduct disorders.
If not, this statistic highlights a potential need for gender-specific approaches in education.
How does the DSM-5 classify learning disorders ?
The DSM-5 combines the DSM-IV diagnoses of reading disorder, mathematics disorder, and disorder of written expression into one diagnosis called Specific Learning Disorder.
It is graded as mild, moderate and severe.
It includes specifiers for impairment in reading, written expression, and mathematics.
What does the term ‘dyslexia’ refer to in the context of specific learning disorder?
DSM-5 states dyslexia to be an equivalent term describing
A pattern of learning difficulties including deficits in accurate or fluent word recognition, poor decoding, and poor spelling skills.
What is dyscalculia?
DSM-5 states dyscalculia to be an equivalent term referring to
deficits related to arithmetic facts, processing numerical information, and performing accurate calculations.
True or False: Learning problems can establish eligibility for academic services through the public school system.
True
Identification of learning problems in a child or adolescent can lead to support services.
Fill in the blank: Specific learning disorder results in _______ that is unexpected based on the child’s potential.
underachievement
How does the ICD-10 classify specific learning disorders ?
Under Disorders of psychological development’s
F81 ie Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills
F81.0 Specific reading disorder
F81.1 Specific spelling disorder
F81.2 Specific disorder of arithmetical skills
F81.3 Mixed disorder of scholastic skills
F81.8 Other developmental disorders of scholastic skills
F81.9 Developmental disorders of scholastic skills, unspecified
The following are not included under SLD -
F80 Specific developmental disorders of Speech and Language
F80.0 Specific speech articulation disorder
F80.1 Expressive Language Disorder
F80.2 Receptive Language Disorder
X F80.3?
F80.8 Other developmental disorders of speech and language
F80.9 Developmental disorder of speech and language, unspecified
