SL semester 1

Question 1

A1.1.1
Water as the medium for life

Answer 1

the first cells originated in water and water remains the medium in which most processes of life occur.

Question 2

A1.1.2
Hydrogen bonds as a consequence of the polar covalent bonds within water molecules

Answer 2

polarity of covalent bonding within water molecules is due to unequal sharing of electrons and hydrogen bonding due to this polarity occurs between water molecules.

Question 3

A1.1.4
Adhesion of water to materials that are polar or charged and impacts for organisms

Question 3

A1.1.3
Cohesion of water molecules due to hydrogen bonding and consequences for organisms

Question 4

A1.1.5
Solvent properties of water linked to its role as a medium for metabolism and for transport in plants and animals

Question 4

A1.1.6
Physical properties of water and the consequences for animals in aquatic habitats

Question 5

D2.3.1
Solvation with water as the solvent

Question 6

B1.1.1
Chemical properties of a carbon atom allowing for the formation of diverse compounds upon which life is based

Question 7

B1.1.2
Production of macromolecules by condensation reactions that link monomers to form a polymer

Question 8

A1.2.1
DNA as the genetic material of all living organisms

Question 8

B1.1.3
Digestion of polymers into monomers by hydrolysis reactions

Question 9

A1.2.2
Components of a nucleotide

Question 10

A1.2.3
Sugar–phosphate bonding and the sugar–phosphate “backbone” of DNA and RNA

Question 11

A1.2.4
Bases in each nucleic acid that form the basis of a code

Question 12

A1.2.5
RNA as a polymer formed by condensation of nucleotide monomers

Question 13

A1.2.6
DNA as a double helix made of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides with two strands linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs

Question 14

A1.2.7
Differences between DNA and RNA

Question 15

A1.2.8
Role of complementary base pairing in allowing genetic information to be replicated and expressed

Question 16

A1.2.9
Diversity of possible DNA base sequences and the limitless capacity of DNA for storing information

Question 17

A1.2.10
Conservation of the genetic code across all life forms as evidence of universal common ancestry

Question 18

B1.1.2
Production of macromolecules by condensation reactions that link monomers to form a polymer

Question 19

B1.1.5
Polysaccharides as energy storage compounds

Question 20

B1.1.4
Form and function of monosaccharides

Question 20

B1.1.7
Role of glycoproteins in cell–cell recognition

Question 21

B1.1.6
Structure of cellulose related to its function as a structural polysaccharide in plants

Question 22

B1.1.8
Hydrophobic properties of lipids

Question 23

B1.1.9
Formation of triglycerides and phospholipids by condensation reactions

Question 24

B1.1.10
Difference between saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 25

B1.1.11
Triglycerides in adipose tissues for energy storage and thermal insulation

Question 26

B1.1.11
Triglycerides in adipose tissues for energy storage and thermal insulation

Question 27

B1.1.13
Ability of non-polar steroids to pass through the phospholipid bilayer

Question 28

B1.1.13
Ability of non-polar steroids to pass through the phospholipid bilayer

Question 29

B1.2.2
Condensation reactions forming dipeptides and longer chains of amino acids

Question 30

B1.2.3
Dietary requirements for amino acids

Question 31

B1.2.4
Infinite variety of possible peptide chains