Skull Flashcards
Meeting of the sagittal, coronal sutures
Bregma
Meeting of sagittal, lambdoid sutures
Lambda
Previously the anterior fontanelle in neonates
Bregma
Previously the site of posterior fontanelle in neonates
Lambda
H-shaped junction between frontal, parietal, greater sphenoid wing, squamosu temporal bone
Pterion
Site of anterolateral ie sphenoidal fontanelle
Pterion
5 layers of the scalp
Skin (epidermis, dermis, hair, sebaceous glands)
Subcutaneous Tissue (very vascular fibro-adipose tissue)
Epicranial Tissue (scalp muscles, galea aponeurotica)
Subaponeurotic Tissue (loose areolar CT)
Pericranium (periosteum of skull)
Anterior Fontanelle closure
13-24 months
How many fontanelles at birth
6
Posterior fontanelle closure
6-8 weeks after birth
Failure of closure of the anterior pore of neural tube
Severe skull and brain defect incompatible with life
Cranioschisis / Dysraphism
Head circ > 2 standard deviations
Abnormal closure of fontanelle and sutures
Inc ICP or volume
Causes:
Familial megalencephaly
Achondroplasia
Sotos, Fragile X
Macrocephaly
Head circ below 2 SD
Depletion of neural progenitor pool
Reduced neuron production levels
Causes:
Teratogenic (Congenital rubella, CMV)
Microcephaly
of bones of the skull
28 separate bones connected by fibrous sutures
Made up of the
-Calvarial vault
-Cranial base
-Facial skeleton
Cranium
