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skull > skull > Flashcards

skull Flashcards

1
Q

the skull is the complex region of which section of skeleton

A

axial

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2
Q

how many bones is the skull comprised of

A

22 plus the hyoid bone

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3
Q

what is the function of the skull

A

support and protection

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4
Q

what 2 distinct regions can the insertion of muscles be divided into

A

neurocranium and viscerocranium

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5
Q

within the nerurocranium how many bones are there

A

8

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6
Q

within the viscerocranium how many bones are there

A

15

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7
Q

what are reinforced pathways of the skull called

A

buttresses

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8
Q

which section of the skull is reinforced to transmit the forces associated with mastiction

A

viscerocranium

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9
Q

forces generated by the lower teeth are contained within what bone

A

mandible

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10
Q

forces generated by the upper teeth are generated by what bone

A

maxilla

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11
Q

forces are dispersed through three specific reinforced craniofacial buttresses, what are they

A

frontal
zygomatic
pterygoid

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12
Q

what is described as mucous lined, air filled cavities within the bone of the skull

A

air sinuses

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13
Q

air sinuses are connected to where

A

the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

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14
Q

dentition terminology

  • mesial
  • distal
  • labial
  • buccal
  • lingual
A

-towards midline
-away from midline
-towards lips
-towards cheeks
towards tongue

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15
Q

what is the medical name for baby teeth

A

deciduous dentition

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16
Q

how are deciduous teeth aligned in the mouth

A

4molars-2canines-8incisors-2canines-4molars

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17
Q

what is the medical name for adult teeth

A

permanent dentition

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18
Q

how are permanent teeth aligned in the mouth

A

6molars-4premolars-2canines-8incisiors-2canines-4premolars-6molars

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19
Q

what nerve are muscles of facial expression controlled by

A

facial

20
Q

how many muscles make up the muscles of mastication

A

4

21
Q

what three muscles elevate the mandible (muscles of mastication)

A

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid

22
Q

which muscles depresses the mandible

A

lateral pterygoid

23
Q

what nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of mastication

A

trigeminal

24
Q

which tongue muscle is responsible for changing the shape of the tongue

A

istrinsic muscles

25
Q

in the tongue which muscles are responsible for changing the position

A

extrinsic muscles

26
Q

which nerve is responsible for innervating the tongue muscles

A

hypoglossal nerve

27
Q

bones of the neurocranium are primarily supplied by what artery

A

middle meningeal

28
Q

the middle meningeal is branch from what artery

A

external carotid

29
Q

the middle meningeal enters the skull through where

A

the foramen spinosum

30
Q

what branches off from the middle meningeal

A

anterior and posterior

31
Q

the foramen spinosum forms grooves on the internal surface of where

A

neurocranium

32
Q

how many layers is the scalp made up of

A

5

33
Q

name the 5 layers of the scalp

A 
S kin
C onnective tissue
A poneurosis
L oose connective 
    tissue
P ericardium
34
Q

where is the main arterial supply for the scalp

A

arteries in the neck and intercranial arteries

35
Q

where do cranial nerves traverse through

A

various cranial foraminae and canals

36
Q

what is the name of the bony bit where the eyes sit

A

the orbit

37
Q

how many bones is the orbit comprised of

A

7 cranial bones

38
Q

what is movement of the eye controlled by

A

six extrinsic muscles

39
Q

what are the three cranial nerves involved in the movement of the eye

A

CN, III, IV, VI

40
Q

what three regions is the ear comprised by

A

external ear
middle ear
inner ear

41
Q

what does the external ear region include

A

auricle and external acoustic meatus

42
Q

what does the middle ear region include

A

ear ossicles

43
Q

what does the inner ear include

A

cochlea and semi-circular canals

44
Q

where are the middle and inner ear contained

A

within temporal

45
Q

what are the three ear ossicles

A

malleus
incus
stapes

skull (1 decks)

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