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15 Derma > Skin Tumors > Flashcards

Skin Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

features of acrochordon

A
  • obese adult
  • intertriginous areas
  • pedunculated
  • can’t be removed manually
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2
Q

features of verruca plana

A
  • face and trunk
  • smooth surface
  • can’t be removed manually
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3
Q

features of nevus

A
  • early in life
  • solitary or few
  • flat -> thicker darker verrucous plaque
  • can’t be removed manually
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4
Q

features of basal cell ca

A
  • head and neck, sun exposed
  • hyperpigmented nodule with ulceration and telangiectasias
  • friable and bleeds, rolled borders
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5
Q

features of melanoma

A
  • light skinned adult
  • irregular pigments
  • friable, bleeds, malignant features
  • from previous nevus
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6
Q

most common acquired epithelial tumor

A

seborrheic keratosis

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7
Q

what is leser trelat sign

A

eruptive seborrheic keratosis sign of internal malignancy (gi or lymph)

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8
Q

presentation of dermatosis papulosa nigra

A

multiple, small, dark brown to black keratotic papules on the malar region with fitz patrick skin type 4 or greater

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9
Q

diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis

A
  • pe: stuck on appearance
  • skin punch biopsy if growing, symptomatic, and atypical
  • acanthosis, papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis, pseudo-horn cysts
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10
Q

treatment of seborrheic keratisis

A
  • benign: cryotherapy, electrodessication with curettage, laser ablation
  • large lesions: multiple treatments
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11
Q

most common non melanoma skin cancer

A

basal cell ca

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12
Q

general rule in biopsy of non melanoma skin ca

A
  • lesion should be fresh
  • no medication for at least 2 wks
  • biopsy nodule with intact skin (no ulceration or crust)
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13
Q

pathogenesis of bcc

A

exposure to uvb and mutation in p53

latency of 20-50 yrs

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14
Q

findings in nodular bcc

A

translucent papule or nodule with telangiectasia and rolled border, may ulcerate

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15
Q

findings in pigmented bcc

A

hyperpigmented translucent papule

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16
Q

findings in superficial bcc

A

well demarcated erythematous patch

17
Q

findings in morpheaform bcc

A

scar like, ivory white

18
Q

management of bcc

A
  • surgical excision
  • destruction by electrodissection with curettage
  • large and aggresive: moh’s micrographic surgery
  • topical chemo: imiquinod 5% and 5-fu
19
Q

prognosis of bcc

A
  • treatment = excellent prognosis

- monitor and inform patient for recurrence and development of new primary bcc (at least 6 mos)

20
Q

2nd most common skin cancer in immunocompetent, most common in immunosuppressed organ transplant patients

A

scc

21
Q

pathogenesis of scc

A

multistep process that arises from actinic keratosis and bowen’s disease

22
Q

findings in scc

A
  • on sun exposed areas
  • precursor: actinic keratosis or bowen’s disease
  • slowly enlarging, firm, skin colored to erythematous plaques or nodule WITH MARKED HYPERKERATOSIS
23
Q

treatment for scc

A
  • local: moh’s surgery

- locally advanced, resectable, metastatic: topical therapy, radiation, cryotherapy

24
Q

prognosis of scc

A
  • early = high cure rate, excellent prognosis

- locally advanced and progressive = poor

25
Q

differentials for actinic keratosis

A
  • verruca vulgaris
  • cutaneous horn
  • discoid lupus erythematosis
  • scc
26
Q

what is actinic keratosis

A
  • precursor for scc

- predilection on sun exposed areas

27
Q

features of actinic keratosis

A
  • bg of damaged skin

- 2-6 mm flat, erythematous, rough, gritty, or scaly papule

28
Q

diagnosis for actinic keratosis

A
  • palpation and visual inspection

- biopsy: enlarging, bleeding, ulcerating, inflammation, strong induration, >1 cm, resistance to treatment

29
Q

treatment for actinic keratosis

A
  • lesion targeted therapies: liquid nitrogen, surgery, ablation, photodynamic therapy
  • field targeted therapies
  • topical therapy
30
Q

differential diagnoses for benign nevus

A
  • junctional nevus
  • dermal nevus
  • compound nevus
  • congenital melanocytic nevus
  • halo nevus
  • blue nevus (tindal effect)
31
Q

what are dysplastic nevi

A
  • irregular shape, indistinct border, variable pigmentation
  • sun exposed
  • flat, >5 mm
32
Q

management of nevi

A
  • no treatment

- worrisome should be excised and biopsied

33
Q

algorithm for evaluation of pigmented lesions

A 
asymmetry
border irregularity
color varaition
diameter >5 mm
enlargement/ evolution
34
Q

malignant tumor for melanocytic cells

A

melanoma

35
Q

diagnosis of melanoma

A
  • change in color and increase in size

- dermoscopy

36
Q

complications of melanoma

A

pain, convulsion (brain), instabilities (bone)

37
Q

stages of melanoma

A 
primary (stage I/II)
regional metastases (III)
distant metastases (IV)
38
Q

treatment for melanoma

A

wide local excision
adjuvant therapy (interferon alpha)
radiotherapy

15 Derma (7 decks)

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