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Cellular Biology T2 > Skin Structure and Function > Flashcards

Skin Structure and Function Flashcards

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1
Q

The “mortar” of epidermis layers

A

Lipid seal

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2
Q

Hemi-desmosomes

A

Anchor the basal cells to the lamina lucida of the basement membrane

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3
Q

Desmosomes

A

The cellular attachments between the upper layers of skin, keratinocytes

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4
Q

Melanocyte

A

Produces pigment granules which are transferred to the adjacent keratinocytes

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5
Q

Epidermal Melanin Unit

A

Melanocyte and adjacent keratinocytes

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6
Q

Location of Melanocytes

A

At the basal layer of the living epidermis

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7
Q

Vitiligo

A

Autoimmune attack of the melanocytes

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8
Q

Freeze Branding

A

Damage melanocytes so that the hair grows back white

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9
Q

Dermatophilosis

A

Reduced immunity from malnutrition and tick infestation allowing severe skin infections

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10
Q

Corpuscle

A

Like a receptor

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11
Q

Location of motor nerves

A

Ventral Horn

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12
Q

Location of sensory nerves

A

Dorsal Horn

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13
Q

What forms the bulk of dermis thickness

A

Collagen

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14
Q

What produces collagen

A

Fibroblasts

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15
Q

Orientation of elastic fibers in the superficial dermis

A

Vertical

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16
Q

Orientation of elastic fibers in the deep dermis

A

Horizontal

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17
Q

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

A

Skin hyperextensibility caused by collagen defects

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18
Q

Blood supply to the skin

A

Superficial, mid, and deep vascular plexus

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19
Q

Vasculitis

A

Damaged and inflamed blood supply to skin which causes devitalization

20
Q

Perivascular

A

AROUND the blood vessels

21
Q

Epitrichial

A

Apocrine, produces sweat within the hair follicle

22
Q

Atrichial

A

Eccrine, produced sweat directly to the skin surface

23
Q

Sebocyte

A

Cell of the sebaceous gland. Lipid synthesis

24
Q

Sebaceous Adentitis

A

Glands destroyed by inflammation

25
Q

Dermal Papilla

A

mesenchymal cells

26
Q

Hair matrix

A

Epidermal stem cells divide to produce hair shaft and root sheaths

27
Q

Hair shaft

A

Dead keratinocytes packed together

28
Q

Outer root sheath

A

Continuous with the lining of the hair follicle infundibulum and the epidermis of the skin surface

29
Q

Inner root sheath

A

Breaks down at the level of the follicular isthmus, allowing the hair shaft to separate from the infundibular lining and fall free from the skin

30
Q

Telogen Phase of follicle growth

A

The resting phase. Long phase. This is after the inferior portion undergoes apoptosis and the hair is loosely held in the follicle

31
Q

Anagen Phase of follicle growth

A

Active growth with hair held tightly in follicle. Short phase.

32
Q

Catagen Phase of follicle growth

A

Short phase characterized by the involution/apoptosis of the inferior portion

33
Q

Dynamic hair growing cycle

A

Allows for different coat colors each season. Dogs grow hair in a mosaic pattern which rodents replace hair in a wave pattern from head to tail

34
Q

Exogen

A

Hair is lost independently of follicle cycle

35
Q

Simple Follicle Anatomy

A

One hair in one follicle. Horses, humans, and ruminants

36
Q

Complex Follicle Anatomy

A

Multiple hairs in one follicle. Cats and Dogs

37
Q

Primary Hairs

A

Guard hairs, wide diameter

38
Q

Secondary Hairs

A

Fine undercoat hairs

39
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Fungal spores on hair. Ringworm

40
Q

Demodicosis

A

Mites

41
Q

Miniaturization

A

The hairs are present, they are cycling, but very thin. Male pattern baldness

42
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism

A

Hair anagen cycle arrested during Cushing’s

43
Q

Sphynx Cat

A

Congenital alopecia associated with mutated KRT71

44
Q

Curly coated retriever follicular dysplasia

A

CCR FD causes misshapen hair shaft. They get frizzy saddle side.

45
Q

Shark skin

A

Spiky projections oriented caudally

Cellular Biology T2 (2 decks)

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