Skin, Pre Op, Post Op Flashcards
Epidermis
outer layer
No blood supply
3 Layers:
Stratum germinativum
Melanin, pigment-containing layer
Keratin, stratum corn rum
Dermis
“True skin”
Blood vessels
Nerves
Oil glands
Sweat glands
Subcutaneous layer
Skin to muscles
Adipose (fat)
Loose connective tissue
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands
Ceruminous glands
Earwax
Sebaceous glands
Oil glands
Sebum
Hair
Modified dead epidermal tissue
Mainly keratin
Nails
Mainly of keratin
Inspecting And assessing the skin
Observe- skin color
Assess-skin lesions
Assess-for rashes, scars, lesions
Assess- temperature and texture
Skin inspection
Inspect:
Nails
Hair
Mucous membranes
Assess ceruminous and sebaceous glands
Assessing dark skin
Degree of: light/darkness
Genetically determined
Lips and mucous membranes
Dark skin
Easier to assess because skin is thinner
Herpes virus
Type 1
•Most common •Lesions at corner of mouth, lips, nose •Culture lesion to diagnose **antiviral meds Valtrex , Acyclovir •comfort measures and patient edu 10-14 days Physical and emotional stress
Herpes simplex
Type 2
•genital herpes •direct/indirect contact (Primarily sexual contact) •various types in cervix or penis •flu like sx •comfort measures/pt education •no cure •heal 7-14 days Recur with depression of immune system
Herpes zoster
Shingles
Chickenpox Spinal ganglia Triggered when immune system depressed Thoracic region Tenderness and pruritis Spinal nerve pathway
Pityriasis roses
Virus Single lesion Scaly with raised border and pink center 14 days smaller spots spread **apply moisturizer liberally 1% hydrocortisone Topical steroids
Cellulitis
Bacterial infection Staph/strep Weak immune system Fever, erythema, pain, tenderness Enlarged lymph nodes IV or oral antibiotics Pain worse after 4 days on abx due to tissue damage
Impetigo contagious
Bacterial Staph/strep Common in children Highly contagious Macules-pustules-pustules rupture Direct/indirect contact Confirm with culture, treat w/ abx
Folliculitis
Infected hair follicle
Abx cream, warm soaks
Bacterial skin infection
Furnace
Boil
Infection deep in hair follicle and surrounding tissue
Bacterial skin infection
Abx cream and warm soaks
CarBuncle
Cluster of boils (furnaces)
Bacterial
Abx cream and warm soaks
Felons
Infected soft tissue
Abx cream and warm soaks
Tinea capitols
Fungal infection
Ringworm of scalp
Tinea corporeal
Fungal
Ringworm of body
Circular rash with RED border and CLEAR center
Tinea Cruris
Jock itch
Fungal
Tinea pedis
Fungal
Most common
Athletes foot
Nail removed-takes 3-6 mos to grow back
Fungal infections
Treatments:
Oral-Griseofulvin
Anti fungal soaps and shampoos
Keep area CLEAN and DRY
Function of skin
Protection
Temp regulation
Vit D synthesis
