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Skin > Skin physiology > Flashcards

Skin physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 layers of skin from superficial to deep

A

epidermis
dermis
subcutis

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2
Q

list features of skin that make it waterproof and why is it important

A

Tight cell junctions between cells in stratum granulosum
Epidermal lipids
Keratin in stratum corneum

prevents transepidermal waterloss

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3
Q

which layer of skin is important for protecting against UV

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

which layer of skin is waterproof

A

epidermis

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5
Q

what is the endocrine function of the skin

A

vitamin D synthesis

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6
Q

why does skin wrinkle when wet

A

vasoconstriction in dermis
improves grip

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7
Q

why is the subcutis skin layer a shock absorber

A

contains fat

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8
Q

list some functions of the skin

A

Barrier to infection
Thermoregulation
Protection against trauma
Protection against UV
Vitamin D synthesis
Regulation of H2O loss

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9
Q

what converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in plasma membranes of epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts to prevtamin D3

A

UVB rays

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10
Q

7-dehydrocholesterol in ______ ______ of epidermal keratinocytes and _______ _______ converts to previtamin D3 by UVB

A

plasma membranes
Dermal fibroblasts

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11
Q

Vitamin D is _____ soluble
a)water
b)fat

A

fat

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12
Q

T/f the skin is an endocrine organ

A

T

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13
Q

which hormones Is produced in the skin

A

D3

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14
Q

what are the 3 determinants of skin colour

A

Melanin
Carotenoids
Oxy/deoxyhaemoglobin

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15
Q

what cells are melanin produced in

A

melanosomes In melanocytes from tyrosine

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16
Q

does more melanin = more or less able to utilise UV light to make Vitamin D

A

less

17
Q

How is skin a barrier to infection

A

A range of peptides synthesised by granular layer keratinocytes:

Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (Cramp – called LL37 in humans)
β defensins
S100A7 and S100A8

18
Q

how is skin an immune organ

A

Epidermis = langerhans cells
Dermis= Regulatory T cells, Natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells

19
Q

what do langerhans cells secrete

A

cytokines

20
Q

how does skin regulate body temperature

A

Subcutaneus fat for insulation

Eccrine sweating, cutaneous blood flow = heat loss

21
Q

what are the 2 types of melanin

A

Pheomelanin (red/yellow)
Eumelanin (brown/black)

Skin (1 decks)

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