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FPP-MSS > Skin Patho Day 1 > Flashcards

Skin Patho Day 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Macule

A

Primary Lesion

Flat, non-palpable

<1 cm in diameter

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2
Q

Patch

A

Primary lesion

Flat, non-palpable, >1 cm in diameter

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3
Q

Papule

A

Primary lesion

Elevated or depressed, palpable

<1 cm

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4
Q

Plaque

A

Primary lesion

elevated or depressed, palpable, >1 cm

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5
Q

Nodule

A

Primary lesion

Palpable, >1 cm in diameter and round

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6
Q

Vesicle

A

Primary lesion

Fluid-filled blister, <1 cm in diameter

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7
Q

Bulla

A

Primary lesion

Fluid filled lesion, >1 cm

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8
Q

Pustule

A

Primary lesion

Pus-filled blister

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9
Q

Wheal

A

Primary lesion

Edematous papules and plaques characteristic of hives

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10
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Primary lesion

dilated blood vessels

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11
Q

Purpura

A

Primary lesion

Area of hemorrhage, flat or elevated

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12
Q

Petechiae

A

Primary lesion

Pinpoint purpura

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13
Q

Scale

A

Secondary Change

Accumulation of stratum corneum

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14
Q

Crust

A

Secondary Change

Dried serum, pus

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15
Q

Lichenification

A

Secondary Change

Epidermal thickening with accentuation of skin markings

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16
Q

Induration

A

Secondary Change

Dermal thickening causing firm feeling

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17
Q

Excoriation

A

Secondary Change

Linear erosion caused by scratching

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18
Q

Erosion

A

Secondary Change

Open area with partial or full loss epidermis

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19
Q

Ulcer

A

Secondary Change

Open area with loss of part of dermis

(fissure=linear ulcer)

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20
Q

Nummular

A

Coin shaped

21
Q

Geographic

A

irreg bordered

22
Q

Polycyclic

A

Multiple round lesions coalesced together

23
Q

Serpinginous

A

Wavy lines

24
Q

Annular

A

Ring-like with central clearing

25
Q

Arcuate

A

curved

26
Q

Linear

A

Straight line

27
Q

Targetoid

A

Like bull’s eye

28
Q

Intertriginous

A

Within body folds

29
Q

Keratohyalin granules

A

Filaggrin, involucrin, loricrin

30
Q

Lamellar granules

A

Ceramides, cholesterol, fatty acids, hydrolyic enzymes (top lipid barrier of stratum corneum)

31
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

Autoimmune IgG against desmoglein 1+3 in stratum spinosum –> intraepidermal erosions

  • Oral and mucosal lesions
  • Pos Nikolsky’s sign–> separation epidermis with stroke
  • Can be fatal – tx prednisone, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, ritixmab
32
Q

Ichthyosis Vulgaris

A

Autosomal Dom. mutation in profilaggrin gene–defect in conified envelope

“Fish scales”, dry skin, hyperlinear palms (associated with atopic dermititis, allergies, asthma)

33
Q

Physical blockers of UVB

A

Reflect and scatter UV

(zinc oxide, titanium dioxide)

34
Q

Chemical blockers of UVB

A

Absorb UV

(PABA, oxybenzone, avobenzone)

35
Q

Difference between papillary dermis and reticular dermis

A

Papillary dermis: rete ridges, more cellular, fine/loose collagen

Reticular dermis: more coarse/packed collagen

36
Q

Marfan Sx

A

Autosomal Dominant–Fibrillin defect

  • tall/thin body type
  • long limbs/scoliosis
  • flexible joints
  • nearsightedness/dislocation eyes
  • aortic dilation/mitral valve prolapse
37
Q

Ehlers-Danlos Sx

A

Abnormalities in collagen production

  • Fragile skin, scar prone
  • flexible joints
  • scoliosis of spine –> breathing affected
  • rupture of organs
38
Q

Morphea (Localized scleroderma)

A

Autoimmune aquired w/ sclerosis (thickening of collagen)

  • erythematous/indurated plaques
  • fibrotic/atrophic scars
  • neuro
  • limb issues
39
Q

Systemic Sclerosis (CREST)

A

Aquired autoimmune characterized by sclerosis; puffy taut skin and pitting (middle aged women)

CREST [anti centrome antibody]

Calcinosis cutis

Raynaud phenomena

Esophageal dysmotility

Sclerodactyl

Telangiectasia

40
Q

Systemic Sclerosis (Diffuse)

A

Aquired autoimmune characterized by sclerosis; puffy taut skin and pitting (middle aged women)

Diffuse–anti DNA topiosmerase I ab

sclerosis

pulmonary fibrosis

renal failure

GI disease

heart disease

41
Q

Erythema Nodosum

A

Acquired disorder in women

Triggers=upper resp. strep, oral contraceptives, sarcoidosis, IBD, malignancy

Tender red nodules ON SHINS

42
Q

BP230

A

Plakin responsible for cytoskeleton organization

43
Q

BP 180

A

Type XVII collagen, basal keratinocyte to dermis

44
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid

A

Autoimmune against BP230 and BP180 (hemidesmosomes)

  • Nikolsky sign negative; less severe than Pemphis Vulgaris
  • Antibodies BULL-OW the epidermis
  • Pruritic uriticaria w/out blistering –> tense stable blisters

DIF=IgG and C3 along BMZ; IIF=staining at epidermal side

TX: steroids or immunosuppressants in elderly

45
Q

Generalized Atrophic Benign Epidermolysis Bullosa

A

Genetic–> mutated BMZ protein (i.e. BP180)

  • blisters, skin fragile, hair problems, minimum trauma causes blisters
  • immunofluroscence shows less protein/none in BMZ
46
Q

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

A

Autoimmune: antibodies against BP 180 or BP 230, IB4, laminin 332

  • erosions/lesions in eye=blindness
  • in older people; 70% association with other malignancies
  • Blistering of mucous membranes; scars, strictures, synechiae, etc.

DIF=deposits along BMZ

IIF: staining epidermal/dermal and epidermal/dermal based on specific issue

Anti-Laminin 332–> also cancer, dermal split

47
Q

Herlitz Junctional Eb

A

Inherited laminin 332 malfunction

  • prevalent in kids, no cure, will die
  • mucosal linings poor, can’t eat
  • fingers/joints fuse
  • too much granulation tissue –> difficulty breathing
48
Q

Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita

A

Autoimmunity type VII collagen

  • Slight trauma=blistering/erosions
  • healing leaves atrophy, scars, pigmentation issues
  • fibrosis hands and feet
  • sometimes oral mucosa hemorrhages
  • nail dystrophy

DIF=IgG and C3 on BMZ

IIF=on dermal side

49
Q

Inherited Epidermolysis Bullosa

A

Erosions/blisters after light trauma

EB Simplex: Keratin 5, 14 (autosomal dom)

Junctional EB: laminin 332, BP 180, integrins (autosomal rec)

Dystrophic Eb: type VII collagen (children can live to adulthood but hard life) (both patterns inheritance)

Kindler Sx: Kindlin 1

FPP-MSS (6 decks)

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