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Term 4 > Skin Muscle Bone Infections > Flashcards

Skin Muscle Bone Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What type of fever presents with Roseola?

A

Febrile seizures

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2
Q

What are the clinical features of Roseola? (4)

A
  • Pink rosey rash that has a white halo (flower).
  • usually starts neck and trunk; spreads to extremities & face
  • high fever
  • Short lived
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3
Q

What is the human herpes virus (HHV6)?

A
  • herpes family
  • stems from roseola infantum
  • dsDNA; enveloped
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4
Q

Where does HHV6 replicate in human host?

A
  • Salivary glands and leukocytes
  • CNS invasion in infants can cause seizures
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5
Q

What other disease does Roseola look like?

A

Measles; hence called morbilliform

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6
Q

How is HHV6 transmitted?

A

Via secretions

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7
Q

How does Hand, foot, mouth disease present?

A

macular, maculopapular or vesicular rash on hands, feet, mouth.

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8
Q

What disease is associated with HHV6?

A

Roseola Infantum

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9
Q

What virus is associated with HFMD?

A

Picornaviridae (Enterovirus genus)

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10
Q

What is the classification of the picornaviridae?

A

+ssRNA unenveloped in a icosahedral capsid

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11
Q

How is the picornaviridae transmitted?

A

Oral ingestion; also respiratory

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12
Q

Where does the picovirus replicate?

A

GIT

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13
Q

After replication where does picovirus spread to?

A

-lymph nodes
-skin; manifests as HFMD

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14
Q

What are the most common etiological agents for HFMD?

A

Coxsackievirus A16/A6 and Enterovirus 71

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15
Q

Who is the most likely group to aquire HFMD?

A

College students; under 10 yo kids

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16
Q

What time of year is HFMD most common?

A

spring summer fall

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17
Q

What virus causes herpangina?

A

Picornaviridae with Coxsackievirus A serotype

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18
Q

What time of year is herpangina most common?

A

summer

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19
Q

What are clinical signs of herpangina?

A
  • Acute fever onset
  • Greyish white vesicles sitting on erythematous base
  • on soft palate; anterior tonsillar pillars
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20
Q

What are the clinical signs of warts (HPV)?

A

-crusty/ cauliflower like
- single or multiple
- distinct edges

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21
Q

What is the classification of papillomaviridae?

A

dsDNA nonenveloped

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22
Q

Two most common types of warts (HPV)?

A

Verrucae vulgaris and Verrucae plantaris

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23
Q

Are the HPV warts malignant or bengin?

A

Benign; immune system clears on its own

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24
Q

Are all cutaneous warts the same from HPV?

A

No different genotypes equates to different wart types. There is a difference between cutaneous warts and anogenital warts

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25
How is HPV transmitted?
STI
26
What are the HPV strains associated with cervical cancer?
types 16 and 18
27
What types of HPV strains are associated with genital warts?
6 and 11
28
What family does the Molluscum contagiosum virus belong to?
Poxviridae ->dsDNA enveloped
29
how are molluscum transmitted?
person to person via fomites and Sexually transmitted
30
What is the age range for molluscum?
1-11 yo
31
How do molluscum present clinically?
- 1-5 mm in diameter - dome-shaped with dimple in center - pearly -Adults get it typically in the genital region
32
How does Kaposi sarcoma present?
- painless, purple cutaneous lesion - skin, oral mucosa, lymph nodes, and visceral organs - spindle cell tumor -> angiogenesis, proliferation, inflam
33
What family of virus does kaposi sarcoma belong too?
Herpes family (HHV8)
34
how is kaposi sarcoma (HHV8) transmitted?
via saliva
35
what is kaposi sarcoma virus related too?
Aids- related illness
36
What family does Epstein Barr Virus belong too?
Herpes family
37
What is another name for EBV?
Papular Acrodermatitis
38
How is EBV transmitted?
body fluids or saliva
39
How would you describe the EBV rash?
erythematous papular exanthems on extremities, buttock and face - itchy or non itchy - red to purple - lymphadenopathy
40
What age groups does EBV occur?
3 months -15 but high incidence in 2-6 yo
41
What family does Mpox belong to?
Poxviridae
42
How does Mpox present?
hands, feet, chest, face, mouth, genitals with fever, chills, swollen nodes, and headache
43
how is Mpox transmitted
Animal to human sexual transmission
44
Herpes Simplex Virus belongs to which family/
Herpes family, dsDNA enveloped
45
What is a common trait among the herpes family?
latent; non-replicating infections
46
Where does HSV1 and HSV2 lie dormant?
DRG
47
What is the viral thymidine kinase do?
Helps in viral DNA synthesis,
48
What is the transmission of HSV?
via mucosa or skin
49
What is the Clinical presentation of HSV 1?
- Herpes Labialis - Herpetic Gingivostomatitis - Herpetic keratitis
50
What are the clinical presentation of Measles?
prodromal C's - cough - coryza (cold) - conjunctivitis with photophobia - kopliks spots - fever - Maculopapular rash comes in the rash phase
51
How does the measles rash start in the rash phase?
maculopapular rash starts at the hairline then sides of neck and behind ears, down to trunk then extremities to include palms and soles
52
What is a complication of measles?
suppression of immune system to include pneumonia
53
What virus family does measles belong to?
Rubeola virus in the paramyxoviridae family -> ssRNA-; enveloped
54
What are the two proteins located on paramyoxviridae virus?
F for fusion and H for hemagglutinin
55
How is measles transmitted?
respiratory; highly infectious
56
What is age group for measles?
under 2 yo
57
How do we prevent measles?
Live attenuated virus -> two doses of MMR or MMRV
58
What cells does measles infect?
endothelial cells and T cells
59
What causes the rash in measles?
Cytotoxic T cells damage the infected endothelial cells in Tcells infects Cd150+
60
What is clinical presentation of erythema infectiosum?
- asymptomatic or - low fever - slapped cheeks look (red) - joint pain in women
61
What virus is erythema infectiosum apart of ?
parvoviridae B19 -> ssDNA unenveloped -> icosahedral
62
What is common age for erythema infectosium
school age kids 4-10
63
What is the pathogenesis of parvovirus B19?
- Replicates in erythoid cells (RBC stem cells) - reduces reticulocytes (precursor to RBC) - this infection can reduce RBC and affect people who are anemic.
64
How is parvovirus B19 spread?
respiratory

Term 4 (5 decks)

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