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Term 4 > Skin Muscle Bone Infections > Flashcards

Skin Muscle Bone Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What type of fever presents with Roseola?

A

Febrile seizures

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2
Q

What are the clinical features of Roseola? (4)

A
  • Pink rosey rash that has a white halo (flower).
  • usually starts neck and trunk; spreads to extremities & face
  • high fever
  • Short lived
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3
Q

What is the human herpes virus (HHV6)?

A
  • herpes family
  • stems from roseola infantum
  • dsDNA; enveloped
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4
Q

Where does HHV6 replicate in human host?

A
  • Salivary glands and leukocytes
  • CNS invasion in infants can cause seizures
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5
Q

What other disease does Roseola look like?

A

Measles; hence called morbilliform

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6
Q

How is HHV6 transmitted?

A

Via secretions

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7
Q

How does Hand, foot, mouth disease present?

A

macular, maculopapular or vesicular rash on hands, feet, mouth.

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8
Q

What disease is associated with HHV6?

A

Roseola Infantum

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9
Q

What virus is associated with HFMD?

A

Picornaviridae (Enterovirus genus)

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10
Q

What is the classification of the picornaviridae?

A

+ssRNA unenveloped in a icosahedral capsid

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11
Q

How is the picornaviridae transmitted?

A

Oral ingestion; also respiratory

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12
Q

Where does the picovirus replicate?

A

GIT

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13
Q

After replication where does picovirus spread to?

A

-lymph nodes
-skin; manifests as HFMD

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14
Q

What are the most common etiological agents for HFMD?

A

Coxsackievirus A16/A6 and Enterovirus 71

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15
Q

Who is the most likely group to aquire HFMD?

A

College students; under 10 yo kids

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16
Q

What time of year is HFMD most common?

A

spring summer fall

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17
Q

What virus causes herpangina?

A

Picornaviridae with Coxsackievirus A serotype

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18
Q

What time of year is herpangina most common?

A

summer

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19
Q

What are clinical signs of herpangina?

A
  • Acute fever onset
  • Greyish white vesicles sitting on erythematous base
  • on soft palate; anterior tonsillar pillars
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20
Q

What are the clinical signs of warts (HPV)?

A

-crusty/ cauliflower like
- single or multiple
- distinct edges

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21
Q

What is the classification of papillomaviridae?

A

dsDNA nonenveloped

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22
Q

Two most common types of warts (HPV)?

A

Verrucae vulgaris and Verrucae plantaris

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23
Q

Are the HPV warts malignant or bengin?

A

Benign; immune system clears on its own

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24
Q

Are all cutaneous warts the same from HPV?

A

No different genotypes equates to different wart types. There is a difference between cutaneous warts and anogenital warts

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25
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

STI

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26
Q

What are the HPV strains associated with cervical cancer?

A

types 16 and 18

27
Q

What types of HPV strains are associated with genital warts?

A

6 and 11

28
Q

What family does the Molluscum contagiosum virus belong to?

A

Poxviridae ->dsDNA enveloped

29
Q

how are molluscum transmitted?

A

person to person via fomites and Sexually transmitted

30
Q

What is the age range for molluscum?

A

1-11 yo

31
Q

How do molluscum present clinically?

A
  • 1-5 mm in diameter
  • dome-shaped with dimple in center
  • pearly
    -Adults get it typically in the genital region
32
Q

How does Kaposi sarcoma present?

A
  • painless, purple cutaneous lesion
  • skin, oral mucosa, lymph nodes, and visceral organs
  • spindle cell tumor -> angiogenesis, proliferation, inflam
33
Q

What family of virus does kaposi sarcoma belong too?

A

Herpes family (HHV8)

34
Q

how is kaposi sarcoma (HHV8) transmitted?

A

via saliva

35
Q

what is kaposi sarcoma virus related too?

A

Aids- related illness

36
Q

What family does Epstein Barr Virus belong too?

A

Herpes family

37
Q

What is another name for EBV?

A

Papular Acrodermatitis

38
Q

How is EBV transmitted?

A

body fluids or saliva

39
Q

How would you describe the EBV rash?

A

erythematous papular exanthems on extremities, buttock and face
- itchy or non itchy
- red to purple
- lymphadenopathy

40
Q

What age groups does EBV occur?

A

3 months -15 but high incidence in 2-6 yo

41
Q

What family does Mpox belong to?

A

Poxviridae

42
Q

How does Mpox present?

A

hands, feet, chest, face, mouth, genitals with fever, chills, swollen nodes, and headache

43
Q

how is Mpox transmitted

A

Animal to human sexual transmission

44
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus belongs to which family/

A

Herpes family, dsDNA enveloped

45
Q

What is a common trait among the herpes family?

A

latent; non-replicating infections

46
Q

Where does HSV1 and HSV2 lie dormant?

A

DRG

47
Q

What is the viral thymidine kinase do?

A

Helps in viral DNA synthesis,

48
Q

What is the transmission of HSV?

A

via mucosa or skin

49
Q

What is the Clinical presentation of HSV 1?

A
  • Herpes Labialis
  • Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
  • Herpetic keratitis
50
Q

What are the clinical presentation of Measles?

A

prodromal C’s
- cough
- coryza (cold)
- conjunctivitis with photophobia
- kopliks spots
- fever

  • Maculopapular rash comes in the rash phase
51
Q

How does the measles rash start in the rash phase?

A

maculopapular rash starts at the hairline then sides of neck and behind ears, down to trunk then extremities to include palms and soles

52
Q

What is a complication of measles?

A

suppression of immune system to include pneumonia

53
Q

What virus family does measles belong to?

A

Rubeola virus in the paramyxoviridae family -> ssRNA-; enveloped

54
Q

What are the two proteins located on paramyoxviridae virus?

A

F for fusion and H for hemagglutinin

55
Q

How is measles transmitted?

A

respiratory; highly infectious

56
Q

What is age group for measles?

A

under 2 yo

57
Q

How do we prevent measles?

A

Live attenuated virus -> two doses of MMR or MMRV

58
Q

What cells does measles infect?

A

endothelial cells and T cells

59
Q

What causes the rash in measles?

A

Cytotoxic T cells damage the infected endothelial cells
in Tcells infects Cd150+

60
Q

What is clinical presentation of erythema infectiosum?

A
  • asymptomatic or
  • low fever
  • slapped cheeks look (red)
  • joint pain in women
61
Q

What virus is erythema infectiosum apart of ?

A

parvoviridae B19 -> ssDNA unenveloped -> icosahedral

62
Q

What is common age for erythema infectosium

A

school age kids 4-10

63
Q

What is the pathogenesis of parvovirus B19?

A
  • Replicates in erythoid cells (RBC stem cells)
  • reduces reticulocytes (precursor to RBC)
  • this infection can reduce RBC and affect people who are anemic.
64
Q

How is parvovirus B19 spread?

A

respiratory

Term 4 (5 decks)

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