Skin Lesions Flashcards
Actinic Keratosis
a scaly spot found on sun-damaged skin.
Slso known as solar keratosis.
Precancerous /early SCC
Intraepidermal SCC
Irregular scaly plaques up to several centimetres
Often an orange-red colour but may also be brown
Distribution is not symmetrical (unlike psoriasis).
Intraepidermal SCC
Irregular scaly plaques up to several centimetres
Often an orange-red colour but may also be brown
Distribution is not symmetrical (unlike psoriasis).
SCC
Grow over weeks to months
May ulcerate
Often tender or painful
Located on sun-exposed sites, particularly the face, lips, ears, hands, forearms and lower legs
SCC
Grow over weeks to months
May ulcerate
Often tender or painful
Located on sun-exposed sites, particularly the face, lips, ears, hands, forearms and lower legs
Nodular BCC
Slowly growing plaque or nodule
Skin coloured, pink or pigmented
Spontaneous bleeding or ulceration
Shiny or pearly nodule with a smooth surface
May have central depression or ulceration, so its edges appear rolled
Blood vessels cross its surface
Nodular BCC
Slowly growing plaque or nodule
Skin coloured, pink or pigmented
Spontaneous bleeding or ulceration
Shiny or pearly nodule with a smooth surface
May have central depression or ulceration, so its edges appear rolled
Blood vessels cross its surface
Nodular BCC
Slowly growing plaque or nodule
Skin coloured, pink or pigmented
Spontaneous bleeding or ulceration
Shiny or pearly nodule with a smooth surface
May have central depression or ulceration, so its edges appear rolled
Blood vessels cross its surface
Superficial BCC
Most common type in younger adults
Most common type on upper trunk and shoulders
Slightly scaly, irregular plaque
Thin, translucent rolled border
Multiple microerosions
Superficial BCC
Most common type in younger adults
Most common type on upper trunk and shoulders
Slightly scaly, irregular plaque
Thin, translucent rolled border
Multiple microerosions
Superficial BCC
Most common type in younger adults
Most common type on upper trunk and shoulders
Slightly scaly, irregular plaque
Thin, translucent rolled border
Multiple microerosions
Keratoacanthoma
rapidly growing dome-shaped nodule with a keratinous core
should usually be removed surgically - risk of well differentiated SCC
True keratoacanthomas respolve spontaneously
Keratoacanthoma
rapidly growing dome-shaped nodule with a keratinous core
should usually be removed surgically - risk of well differentiated SCC
True keratoacanthomas respolve spontaneously
Lentiginous melanoma
a slowly growing or changing patch of discoloured skin. At first, it often resembles common freckles or brown marks (lentigines).
A Asymmetry
B Border irregularity
C Colour variation
D Diameter over 6 mm
E Evolving (enlarging, changing)
Nodular Melenoma
most common type of melanoma
A Asymmetry
B Border irregularity
C Colour variation
D Diameter over 6 mm
E Evolving (enlarging, changing)
Superficial Spreading Melenoma
most common type of melanoma
A Asymmetry
B Border irregularity
C Colour variation
D Diameter over 6 mm
E Evolving (enlarging, changing)
Superficial Spreading Melenoma
most common type of melanoma
A Asymmetry
B Border irregularity
C Colour variation
D Diameter over 6 mm
E Evolving (enlarging, changing)
Seborrhoeic keratosis
harmless warty spot that appears during adult life as a common sign of skin ageing.
- Flat or raised papule or plaque
- 1 mm to several cm in diameter
- Skin coloured, yellow, grey, light brown, dark brown, black or mixed colours
- Smooth, waxy or warty surface
- Solitary or grouped in certain areas, such as within the scalp, under the breasts, over the spine or in the groin
- They appear to stick on to the skin surface like barnacles.
Seborrhoeic keratosis
harmless warty spot that appears during adult life as a common sign of skin ageing.
- Flat or raised papule or plaque
- 1 mm to several cm in diameter
- Skin coloured, yellow, grey, light brown, dark brown, black or mixed colours
- Smooth, waxy or warty surface
- Solitary or grouped in certain areas, such as within the scalp, under the breasts, over the spine or in the groin
- They appear to stick on to the skin surface like barnacles.
Solar Lentigo
A solar lentigo is a sun-induced pigmented macule.
Solar lentigines vary from small to large size and are usually tan to brown-black.
The lesions are mostly uniformly pigmented with a sharp border.
They arise in adult life and are prevalent in older people
Solar Lentigo
A solar lentigo is a sun-induced pigmented macule.
Solar lentigines vary from small to large size and are usually tan to brown-black.
The lesions are mostly uniformly pigmented with a sharp border.
They arise in adult life and are prevalent in older people
Epidermoid Cyst
Epidermoid cyst is a follicular nodule with a central punctum.
This type of cyst can be skin-coloured to off-white and is a dome-shaped papule or nodule
Cheesy or yellowish keratin can be expressed through the punctum or removed by incising the cyst.
The epidermal cyst is lined with flat epidermal cells and has a granular layer surrounding laminated keratin
Epidermoid Cyst
Epidermoid cyst is a follicular nodule with a central punctum.
This type of cyst can be skin-coloured to off-white and is a dome-shaped papule or nodule
Cheesy or yellowish keratin can be expressed through the punctum or removed by incising the cyst.
The epidermal cyst is lined with flat epidermal cells and has a granular layer surrounding laminated keratin
Angioma
An angioma is due to the proliferation of the endothelial cells.
A superficial angioma is a bright red colour and a deeper angioma is purple or blue.
Angiomas are commonly nodular or macular lesions of varying sizes.
Dermatofibroma
Dermatofibroma is a reactive lesion that presents as one or more firm dermal papules.
The dermatofibroma is pink, tan or brown.
It forms a dimple when pinched.
A skin biopsy shows fibrohistiocytic cell proliferation with entrapment of collagen at the periphery [1,2].
Dermatofibroma
Dermatofibroma is a reactive lesion that presents as one or more firm dermal papules.
The dermatofibroma is pink, tan or brown.
It forms a dimple when pinched.
A skin biopsy shows fibrohistiocytic cell proliferation with entrapment of collagen at the periphery [1,2].
Skin Tag
The most common type of skin tag is also called acrochordon.
An acrochordon is a soft, fleshy papule that is almost always pedunculated.
They vary in diameter from 1 to 6 mm.
On biopsy, there is a fibrovascular core covered by normal squamous epithelium [2].
Dermal Neavus
A dermal or intradermal naevus has naevus cell nests in the dermis. A papule, plaque or nodule with a pedunculated, papillomatous (Unna naevus) or smooth surface (Miescher naevus).
Compound Neavus
A compound naevus has nests of naevus cells at the epidermal-dermal junction as well as within the dermis. A central raised area surrounded by a flat patch.
Junctional Neavus
A junctional naevus has groups or nests of naevus cells at the junction of the epidermis and the dermis. A flat mole.
1 week old baby
Miliaria aka
“prickly heat or sweat rash”
common
caused by blockage and/or inflammation of eccrine sweat ducts
affects up to 9% of neonates, with the mean age of 1 week. It can also occur in adults with fever.
