Skin infections

Question 1

Staphyococcus aureus

Answer 1

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Question 2

Treponema pallidum

Answer 2

• gram negative spirochaete
• cause of syphilis
• sexually transmitted disease
• 12 million new cases per year worldwide
• increases HIV transmission

Question 3

Herpes simplex

Answer 3

Type 1=oral herpes (HSV1)
Type 2=genital herpes (HSV2)
-HSV 1, HSV 2 and VZV (varicella-zoster virus) have latency

Question 4

Varicella zoster

Answer 4

-cause chickenpox and shingles (herpes zoster)

Question 5

Trichopytum

Answer 5

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Question 6

Sarcoptes scabei

Answer 6

SCABIES

Question 7

Skin disease epidemiology

Answer 7

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Question 8

Skin infections

Answer 8

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Question 9

Impetigo

Answer 9

Infection of subcorneal layer of epidermis

Question 10

Folloculitis

Answer 10

Infection of mouth of hair follicle

Question 11

Ecthyma

Answer 11

Infection of full thickness of epidermis

Question 12

Boil

Answer 12

Abscess of hair follicle

Question 13

Carbuncle

Answer 13

Abscess of several adjacent hair follicles

Question 14

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

Answer 14

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Question 15

Syphilis stages

Answer 15

PRIMARY (at 3-8 weeks)
-painless ulcer at inoculation site (genital or oral)
SECONDARY (at 6-12 weeks)
-disseminated infection
-generalised rash (eg: maculopapular rash) and lymphadenopathy
LATENT SYPHILIS
-no clinical signs
TERTIARY (usually years later)
-skin (gummatous skin lesions, bone lesions etc), neurological and vascular manifestations
CONGENITAL
-acquired perinatally
-early and late manifestations
-miscarriage, stillbirth, prematurity, rashes, bone disease, brain and neurological problems

Question 16

Herpes simplex clinical presentation

Answer 16

• vesicular rash for ~2 weeks
• eczema herpeticum
• herpes encephalitis

Question 17

Superficial skin fungal infections

Answer 17

DERMATOPHYTES (type of mould)

• Grow in keratin
• Long hyphae, grow from tip
• Example: Trichophyton rubrum

YEAST

• Grow on warm wet surfaces
• Single cell and bud
• Example: Candida