Skin Infections 2 Flashcards
Skin infections that are covered [6]
Molluscum contagiosum Viral warts Viral exanthems Erythema nodosum Dermatitis Herpetiformis Roseola infants
Molluscum contagiosum Presentation [2] Causative organism and Incubation [2] Transmission [1] Severity [1] Progression [1] Treatment [2]
Pearly nodules with umbilicated centre Causative organism: molluscipox virus Incubation: 2 weeks-6m Transmission to close direct contacts Common benign self limiting 24 months to clear Reassurance and 5% KOH or cryotherapy
Viral warts are common. They are non-cancerous growths caused by infection of... Causative organism [1] Skin lesions [2] Transmission [1] Progression [1] Tx [2]
Causative organism: HPV
Skin lesions: skin colored on sole of foot (verucca)
Transmission to direct contacts
Most resolve in 1y
Tx:
Topical paints of salicylic acid or cryotherapy
Viral exanthem is associated with viral illness
Viral systemic sx [3]
General pathogenesis [2]
List 5 examples that are covered
Fever, malaise, headache
Reaction to toxin produced by organism and damage to skin by organism or immune response
Chicken pox
Erythema infectious (Parvovirus B19, slapped cheek)
HFMD
Measles, rubella
Roseola (herpes virus 6)
What causes Slapped Cheek? [2] rare complication [1] Incubation [1] Skin lesions and presentation [3] Progression [1] Effects on pregnancy [3]
Parvovirus B19 target red cells in the marrow so can lead to aplastic crisis
7-10 days
A red rash on face
Progresses to a lace-like network rash on the trunk/limbs
+ Viral Symptoms
6w to fully fade
Pregnant women: spontaneous abortion, intrauterine death, hydrops fetalis
What pathogen causes hand, foot and mouth disease? [1]
Presentation [3]
Epidemics in [2]
Mx
Coxsackie Virus A16
Blisters or papular eruptions on HFM or buttocks + viral sx
Epidemics late summer or autumn
Supportive therapy - topical steroids
What are the major systemic skin conditions in kids? [4]
- Orofacial Granulomatosis
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis
- Erythema Nodosum
- Urticaria
What does Orofacial granulomatosis look like? [2]
Associated with [1]
Lip swelling + fissuring
Oral Mucosal lesions with a cobblestone appearance
Crohn’s disease
Causes of erythema nodosum? [5]
- Infections e.g. Strep, mycobacteria, URTI
- Drugs e.g. Penicillin, OCP & Sulphonamides
- Sarcoidosis
- IBD
- Idiopathic
What does erythema nodosum look like?
Resolution [3]
Treatment [2]
Painful erythematous subcut nodules Shin distribution Slow resolution takes 6-8w Post-inflammatory hypertrophy - purple bruise-like appearance Dermovate + general tx
What does Dermatitis Herpetiformis look like? [2]
Define [1]
Sites [5]
Progression [2]
Itchy clusters of blisters often symmetrical
immunobullous disease
Scalp, shoulder, elbow, and buttock, knee
Rare but persistent
How do you test for Dermatitis Herpetiformis? [3]
Treatment [3]
Confirm Coeliac:
- HLA test
- Distal Duodenal Biopsy
- Skin Biopsy
Emollients and topical steroids
Dapsone (abx)
Gluten restriction
Roseola infantum Ep Ax Transmission Incubation
Ep: 6m/o-1y/o
Ax: human herpes virus 6 (HHV6)
Tr: respiratory droplets
Inc: 9-10d (infectivity from exposure to when rash first appears)
Roseola infantum Primary features [2] Other features [4] Investigations Mx Cx [2]
High fever for 3-5 days
Rash starts as fever resolves - maculopapular on chest and abdomen
- Nagayama spots
- Febrile convulsions
- Diarrhea
- Cough
Ix: not rqd
Mx: Supportive
Cx: hepatitis, aseptic meningitis
School exclusion: which infections require no exclusion [7]
Conjunctivitis Fifth disease (slapped cheek) Roseola Infectious mononucleosis Head lice Threadworms Hand, foot and mouth
