Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2 DERMATOLOGY > Skin Immunology > Flashcards

Skin Immunology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are keratinocytes and what are their function

A

they are structural and functional cells of the epidermis

sense pathogens via cell surface receptors and help mediate an immune response

produce antimicrobial peptides

produce cytokines and chemokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are lagerhans and what are their function

A

dendritic cells found in the epidermis

antigen presenting cells, process microbial fragments and present them to T cells

help activate T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what types of T cells are found in the epidermis

A

Mainly CD8+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what types of T cells are found in the dermis

A

CD4+ and CD8-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do dermal dendritic cells do

A

antigen presenting and secreting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do plasmacytoid dendritic cells do

A

produce IFN alpha, found in diseased skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the two types of dendritic cell found in the dermis

A

dermal dc

plasmacytoid dc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where are T cells produced and sensitised

A

produced in bone marrow

sensitised in thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do CD4+ T cells do

A

Helper T cells

TH1- activate macrophages

TH2 -help B cells make Ab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do CD8+ cells do

A

Cytotoxic T cells

kill infected cells directly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do dendritic cells do

A

antigen presenting cells: present antigens to T and B cells

secrete cytokines/chemokines during inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do neutrophils do

A

circulating leukocytes attracted to tissues by chemokines to kill cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do mast cells do and where are they found

A

Tend to be found in ‘barriers’ eg. skin

they are the effectors of IgE mediated response (allergy), IgE binds which activate the mast cells causing them to release inflammatory mediators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the preformed inflammatory mediators released from mast cells

A

Tryptase
Chymase
TNF
Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what activates mast cells

A

physical trauma, certain drugs, micro-organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do MHC I molecules do and where are they found

A

found on almost all cells
present antigen to cytotoxic T cells
present endogenous antigens (antigens that come from inside the cell itself)

17
Q

What do MHC II molecules do and where are they found

A

Found on antigen presenting cells, present exogenous antigens (antigens from outside the cell) to Th cells

18
Q

what immune cells are involved in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis

A

Keratinocytes are under stress

they activate dendritic cells which migrate to lymph nodes to present to T cells

T cells are attracted to the dermis and secrete interlukins

this stimulates keratinocyte proliferation

19
Q

antimicrobial peptides are increased in atopic eczema true/false

A

false

decreased

20
Q

mutations in which gene is associated with severe/early onset of atopic eczema

A

fillagrin

21
Q

what are 3 autoimmune skin diseases

A

psoriasis
vitiligo
systemic lupus erythematous

22
Q

what is primary immunodeficiency

A

inherited defect, can be specific or non specific

23
Q

what is secondary immunodeficiency

A

acquired

AIDS 
malignancy 
Ageing 
Diabetes 
Renal malfunction 
Burns 
Alcoholic cirrhosis 
Malnutrition
24
Q

What is type 1 hypersensitivity

A

IgE mediated rapid/early response

degranulation of mast cells

25
Q

what is type 2 hypersensitivity

A

important in autoimmunity and transplantation
blood transfusion recipients
IgG

26
Q

what is type 4 sensitivity

A

mediated by TH1 cells
DELAYED response, T cell mediated which then recruits other cells to site

peaks at 24-48 hours after contact with antigen

metals (nickel, chromate), drugs

27
Q

what factors can affect skin immune responses

A

Organ transplant (immunosuppression)
sunlight/UV
Aging

28
Q

what immune cells are in the epidermis

A

T cells (CD8+) and langerhans cells

29
Q

what non-immune cells are in the epidermis

A

keratinocytes

melanocytes

30
Q

what immune cells are in the dermis

A

dendritic cells
macrophages
T cells (CD8+, CD4+)
natural killer cells

2 DERMATOLOGY (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions