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Assessment & Diagnosis > Skin, Hair, & Nails > Flashcards

Skin, Hair, & Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Discrete flat change in color of skin; usually <1.5cm diameter (freckle, lentigo, purpura)

A

macule

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2
Q

Discrete flat lesion (large Macule); >1.5cm (melasma, lentigo)

A

Patch

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3
Q

Discrete palpable elevation of skin; <1cm diameter; origin may be epidermal, dermal, or both. (nevi, seborrheic keratosis, dermatofibroma)

A

Papule

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4
Q

Discrete palpable elevation of skin; ma evolve from papule; may involve any level of skin from epidermis to subcutis. (nevi, basal cell ca, keratoacanthoma)

A

Nodule

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5
Q

Slightly raised lesion, typically with flat surface; >1 cm, scaling frequently present (psoriasis, mycosis fungoides)

A

Plaque

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6
Q

Transient pink/red swelling of skin; often displaying central clearing; various shapes and sizes; usually pruritic and lasts < 24 hours. (Urticaria)

A

Wheal

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7
Q

Large papule or nodule; usually >1cm diameter (basal cell ca, squamous cell ca, malignant melanoma)

A

Tumor

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8
Q

Raised lesion <0.5cm containing yellow cloudy fluid (usually infected) (folliculitis, acne)

A

Pustule

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9
Q

Raised lesion <0.5cm containing clear fluid. (herpes simplex, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis)

A

vesicle

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10
Q

vesicle >0.5cm (contact dermatitis, blisters of second degree sunburn)

A

Bulla

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11
Q

Semi-solid lesion; varies in size from several mm to several cm; may become infected (sebaceous cyst)

A

Cyst

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12
Q

Shallow hemorrhagic excavation; linear or punctate; results from scratching. Seen with contact dermatitis

A

Excoriation

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13
Q

Thickening of skin with exaggeration of skin creases. Hallmark of chronic eczematous dermatitis

A

Lichenification

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14
Q

linear crack in epidermis

A

Fissure

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15
Q

Partial break in epidermis

A

Erosion

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16
Q

Netlike or lacy in description

A

Reticulate

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17
Q

Confluent and salmon colored in description. Seen in Rubeola

A

Morbilliform

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18
Q

Snakelike or wavy line track description

A

Serpiginous

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19
Q

Star shaped (Meningococcal Septicemia)

A

Stellate

20
Q

Pink macules with purple central papules (Erythema multiforme)

A

Iris/target lesion

21
Q

Interlocking or coalesced circles (Psoriasis, urticaria)

A

Polycyclic

22
Q

Round, active margins with central clearing

A

Annular

23
Q

Fever, irritability, hypotension, and a macular or petechial rash, which needs immediate treatment, may indicate:

A

Meningococcemia

24
Q

A tender, morbilliform, erythematous rash accompanied by fever, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers, and diarrhea:

A

Steven Johnson Syndrome (toxic epidermal necrolysis)

25
Q

Pain is rare with rash. A painful rash is associated with:

A

herpes zoster

26
Q

vasomotor instability disorder characterized by exacerbation with dietary consumption of vasodilators such as coffee, tea, alcohol, or spicy foods:

A

Rosacea

27
Q

a common dermatological side effect of drugs:

A

photodermatitis

28
Q

Infants and children who have this vaccination may have a rash 10-14 days after immunization

A

Measles

29
Q

lesions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne often have internal causes and present as:

A

symmetrical

30
Q

lesions such as bacterial or fungal, and allergic contact eczema often present as:

A

asymmetrical

31
Q

A rash found on the palms or soles indicate:

A

Erythema multiforme or rickettsia

32
Q

True or False: Mucosal involvement is common in hand and foot lesions, herpes, and syphilis

A

True

33
Q

In children, a triad of hair loss, scaling, and lymphadenopathy is diagnostic of:

A

Tinea capitis

34
Q

Assessing the superficial skin for texture is done by

A

palpation with the finger tips

35
Q

Deeper palpation of the skin is done using

A

thumb and index fingers

36
Q

checking for enlargement of these areas may be of assistance in the diagnosis of a systemic cause of skin disorders

A

Liver and spleen

37
Q

This is used to assess for blanching on pressure and is accomplished by pressing a glass or clear plastic slide on the lesion

A

Diascopy

38
Q

Diascopy is most helpful in evaluating what kind of lesions?

A

purpuric lesions

39
Q

Long wave ultraviolet light is used in the diagnosis of of lesions caused by what type of microorganism?

A

Fungi

40
Q

A Tzanck smear is used to test for?

A

Herpes Simplex and Herpes Zoster

41
Q

also known as slapped cheek disease, a systemic illness of sudden onset characterized by coalescing, red, maculopapular eruption on the face, with reticular eruption occurring on the extremities 2-3 days later. What is the disease and what is the treatment?

A

Fifth Disease (erythema infectiosum); the disease is self limiting.

42
Q

superficial pustular, bullous, or nonbullous eruption, followed by honey colored crusting. Typically localized that can occur anywhere on the body.

A

impetigo

43
Q

Caused by a viral exanthem, and the systemic illness that results is characterized by a fine, erythematous, morbilliform eruption on the face that spreads rapidly to the trunk and becomes confluent and reticulate.

A

Measles (Rubeola)

44
Q

A viral exanthem similar to measles and starts as fine macules and papules on the face and progresses caudally. Lymphadenopathy of post auricular nodes is characteristic.

A

Rubella

45
Q

This systemic illness is associated with group A B-hemolytic Streptoccus (strep throat) and is characterized by macular erythema of the face, except around the mouth, followed by a disseminated fine papular erythema, which is intensified in the flexor folds. Also has an associated white or strawberry tongue.

A

Scarlet Fever

46
Q

A viral infection caused by human herpesvirus 6 and characterized by 2-3 days of sustained fever in an irritable infancy who otherwise appears well. After fever decreases, a pink, morbilliform, cutaneous eruption appears transiently and fades within 24 hours. What is the illness and treatment?

A

Roseola. It is self limiting.

47
Q

Coxsackievirus A16 is the causative organism. Painful mouth ulcers followed by painful white vesicles with a surrounding erythema on the fingers, palms, toes, and soles characterize this condition. What is the illness and treatment?

A

Hand-foot-mouth disease. It is self limiting

Assessment & Diagnosis (2 decks)

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