Skin, Endocrine, Multiple Body System Flashcards
Essentially the armpit, but including also the nerves, vessels, lymph nodes, and tissue structures therein
Axilla (ae)
A large vesicle usually 2 cm. Or larger, containing fluid
Bulla (ae)
A chronic, generalized eruption of bullae over the skin, resembling but distinguished from pemphigus; usually seen in elderly adults, but rarely seen in children
Bullous pemphigoid
Pertaining to the skin
Cutaneous
An abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semi-solid material with a membranous lining
Cyst
Any inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis
A superficial inflammation primarily of the epidermis, characterized in the early stages by redness, itching, minute papules and vesicles, weeping, oozing and crusting; later by scaling, lichenification, and pigmentation
Eczema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion and dilation of surface capillaries; resulting from a variety of causes
Erythema
Abnormal redness of the skin usually widespread over the body this may be a phase of exfoliative dermatitis
Erythroderma
A skin condition evolving from any of several proceedings skin disorders such as cirrhosis or drug reaction and characterized by erythemaCovering virtually the entire body with subsequent shedding of the damage skin
Exfoliative dermatitis
A cracker split in the superficial tissue
Fissure
To produce fungus like growths, to grow rapidly as does a fungus
Fungate
The disease of the apocrine sweat glands located in the axilla and perineum marked by chronic draining and sinus tract formation and the deeper layers of cutaneous tissue
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Any skin disease characterized by fishlike or plate like scales
Ichthyosis
Any injury, damage, or abnormal change to tissue or organ this is the general nonspecific term
Lesion
Any disease caused by a fungus
Mycotic infection
Term for a group of skin diseases characterized by successive crops of bullae, the specific type indicated by a modifying term
Pemphigus
Abnormally heightened reactivity to sunlight or ultraviolet light
Photosensitivity
Itching
Pruritis
The chronic, hereditary, recurrent skin disorder, the distinctive lesions of which are vivid red macules, papules, or Placke’s covered by a silvery skills; usually involving the scalp and the extensor surfaces of the limbs, especially of the elbows, knees, and other pressure points, but which may involve any skin area
Psoriasis
Purpleish or brownish red skin discoloration caused by hemorrhage into the tissue
Purpura
Consisting of or containing puss
Purulent
An abnormal channel or track permitting the escape of pus
Sinus
Under the skin
Subcutaneous
Sweat glands
Sudoriferous glands
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands
To result in a loss of surface layers of the skin, leaving a denuded area
Ulcerate
A small, less than 1 cm, blister; a small elevation of the skin containing fluid
Vesicle
A rare pigmentary and a trophic disease in which there is extreme cutaneous photosensitivity to ultraviolet light, as a result of a deficient enzyme in the excisional repair of ultraviolet damaged DNA
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Pathological accumulation of acids in the blood; can occur in severe DM
Acidosis
Adrenocortical insufficiency characterized by bronze like skin pigmentation, severe prostration, low blood pressure and digestive disturbances
Addison disease
Endocrine gland situated in the retrooperational tissues above each kidney; consists of an outer portion, cortex, and an inner portion, medulla
Adrenal gland
Unconsciousness resulting from accumulation of toxic metabolites in severe acidosis
Coma, diabetic
A condition characterized by rounding up the face, neck and trunk, kyphosis do the softening of the spine, dusky complexion of purple markings and hypertension. It could be the result of hyperfunctioning of the adrenal cortex or of the exposure to high levels of corticosteroids as part of the medical treatment. When it Results from excessive secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone by pituitary adenoma, it is known as Cushing disease.
Cushing syndrome
A disorder caused by hypofunction of the posterior pituitary gland characterized by great thirst and the passage of a large amount of dilute urine with no excess sugar. Blood sugar levels are normal
Diabetes insipidus
A disorder resulting from failure of the pancreas to produce sufficient insulin or an inability of the cells to react to insulin. Excess sugars buildup in the blood, hyperglycemia, with resulting sugar in the urine. Symptoms include increased thirst, urinary frequency.
diabetes mellitus
Originating in the body – as in endogenous obesity
Endogenous
Having a cause external to the body
Exogenous
Protruding eyeballs, often caused by thyroid dysfunction, usually hypothyroidism
Exophthalmos
Nerve or muscle dysfunction in the stomach. Causes slow digestion and emptying, vomiting, nausea or bloating. Also Cole delayed gastric emptying
Gastroparesis
The most common of the body sugars
Glucose
Enlargement of thyroid gland, causing swelling in the front of the neck.
Goiter
A form of hypothyroidism
Graves’ disease
Abnormal hairiness, especially in women
Hirsutism
A chemical substance that stimulates certain body activities
Hormone
Prefix indicating excessive
Hyper
Excessive concentration of sodium in the blood
Hypernatremia
Prefix indicating deficient
Hypo
A hormone produced in the pancreas that regulates sugar in metabolism
Insulin
A functional disturbance or pathological change in the peripheral nervous system
Neuropathy
The gland that produces insulin, it also produces digestive juices; it is situated behind the stomach
Pancreas
Four small glands located near the thyroid whose major function is the regulation of metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
Parathyroid glands
An endocrine gland divided into two lobes, anterior and posterior, located near the base of the brain; often called the governing endocrine gland of the body
Pituitary gland
Combining form meaning many or much
Poly
Excessive thirst
Polydipsia
Excessive or voracious eating
Polyphagia
Passage of an abnormally large volume of urine
Polyuria
The ability to sense the position, orientation, location and movement of the body and its parts
Proprioception
Any non-inflammatory disease of the retina
Retinopathy
And endocrine glands situated in the lower front of the neck which regulates metabolism
Thyroid gland
The major hormone elaborated by the thyroid glands and made synthetically for the treatment of thyroid disorders
Thyroxine, T4
A surgical treatment for diabetic retinopathy and which vitreous gel that is obscured with blood is removed from the eye and replaced with a Saline solution
Virectomy
Removal and examination of tissue from a living body for diagnostic purposes
Biopsy
The part of the cell nucleus containing hereditary material, genes.
Chromosome
Present or existing at birth
Congenital
A malformation present at birth
Congenital anomaly
A set of mental and physical symptoms that result from having an extra copy or translocated part of chromosome 21
Down syndrome
A fold of the skin of the upper eyelid that partially covers the inner corner of the eye
Epicanthic fold
This is an injury, damage or abnormal change and a portion of tissue
Lesion
This is a form of a disorder in which some cells have the normal number, 46, of chromosomes and the other or abnormal with 47 chromosomes
Mosaic down syndrome
This is the most common form of down syndrome in which an extra copy of chromosome 21 is attached to a different chromosomes in all cells, chromosome 21 trisomy, or an extra copy of chromosome 21 is attached to a different chromosomes and all cells, chromosome 21 translocation.
Nonmosaic down syndrome
The abnormal condition in which there is an extra chromosome and in all cells, resulting in 47 chromosomes. Physicians can diagnose this condition by examining tissue or blood cells to determine the number of chromosomes.
Trisomy
