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Small Ruminants > Skin + Ectoparasites > Flashcards

Skin + Ectoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

Aetiology of Orf (Contagious Pustular Dermatitis)…

A

Parapox virus **ZOONOTIC

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2
Q

Presentation of Orf…

A

Vesicular/ proliferative scabby lesions
- mouth/ head, teats
- 4-6wk duration

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3
Q

Control of Orf…

A
  • Isolate clinical cases
  • Thorough cleaning/ disinfection of buildings, feed troughs, barriers
  • Vaccine - ONLY used on infected farms
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4
Q

Vaccine for Orf…

A
  • Live vaccine applied to skin (axilla/ groin)
  • DO NOT use indoors- vaccine scabs are infectious
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5
Q

Tx of Orf…

A

ABs for secondary infection
Cleaning

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6
Q

Aetiological agent of Sheep Scab…

A

Psoroptes ovis (mite)

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7
Q

Clinical signs of Sheep Scab…

A
  • Pruritus, wool loss, moist yellow wool
  • Progressive distress, inappetence, weight loss, seizures, death
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8
Q

Diagnosis of Sheep Scab…

A
  • Skin scrape of exudative lesions
  • Moredun ELISA test
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9
Q

Procedure of skin scrapings in sheep…

A

Drop of KOH (warm) -> leave 15mins -> wool pluck + skin scrape

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10
Q

Tx of Sheep Scab…

A
  • Dexamethasone/ ABs (severely affected)
  • Organophosphate dip- Diazanon
  • MLs- Ivermectin, Doramectin, Moxidectin
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11
Q

Clinical signs of Chorioptes bovis…

A
  • Ventrum, scrotum
  • Pruritus/ dermatitis
  • Infertility (inflammation of scrotum)
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12
Q

Dx of Chorioptes bovis…

A

Skin scrapings

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13
Q

Tx of Chorioptes bovis…

A

OP dip

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14
Q

Most common lice in sheep…

A

Chewing lice - Bovicola ovis

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15
Q

Clinical signs of lice…

A
  • Pruritus, fleece loss
  • Back, flanks, HLs
  • Clumps of red/brown lice
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16
Q

Tx of lice…

A
  • Pyrethroid pour-ons (e.g. Cypermethrin)
  • Plunge dip (Diazinon)
    **ONLY if lice causing problem for sheep
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17
Q

Aetiology of Fly Strike…

A

Lucillia sericata

18
Q

Clinical signs of Fly Strike…

A
  • 1st sign = patches of discoloured wool
  • Agitation of sheep, toxaemia, depression, death
19
Q

Risk factors of Fly Strike…

A
  • Temp, humidity
  • Wounds, lameness, faecal soiling, tail docking
  • Carcasses on farm
20
Q

Tx of Fly Strike…

A
  • Clip + clean wounds
  • Kill maggots w/ synthetic pyrethroid pour-on
  • Supportive care (ABs, NSAIDs, fluids, house)
  • Severe cases = euthanasia
21
Q

Control of Fly Strike…

A

Shearing, digging (clip back ends), worm control, lameness control, carcass disposal

22
Q

Prevention of Fly Strike…

A

Cypermethrin pour-on
Insect Growth Regulators (stop larval development)
Monitor for clinical signs

23
Q

Aetiology of Headfly…

A

Hydrotea irritans

24
Q

Tx/ control of Headfly…

A

Housing until wounds heal, Tx as with fly strike

25
Q

Prevention of Headfly…

A

Pour-on Pyrethroid preps during risk period

26
Q

Bacterial skin conditions of sheep…

A

Peri-Orbital Eczema, Lumpy Wool, Caseous Lymphadenitis

27
Q

Aetiology of Peri-Orbital Eczema…

A

Staphylococcus aureus

28
Q

Tx of Peri-Orbital Eczema…

A

Wound cleaning, 5d Penicillin injection

29
Q

Aetiology of Lumpy Wool…

A

Dermatophilus congolensi

30
Q

Clinical presentation of Lumpy Wool…

A
  • Crusty lesions w/ wool loss
  • Pruritus
31
Q

Tx of Lumpy Wool…

A

5d Penicillin

32
Q

Aetiology of Caseous Lymphadenitis…

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

33
Q

Presentation of CLA…

A

External/ internal LN abscesses

34
Q

Dx of CLA…

A

Culture, ELISA

35
Q

Control of CLA…

A
  • Biosecurity, hygiene, Tx wounds w/ iodine
  • Test + cull, vaccine available (< incidence)
36
Q

Tick-borne diseases in sheep…

A

Tick-borne fever, Tick pyaemia, Louping Ill, Q fever

37
Q

Aetiological agent of Tick-borne Fever…

A

Anaplasma phagocytophilia

38
Q

Presentation of Tick-borne Fever…

A

Severe immunosuppression
Fever -> rams- infertility, ewes- abortion

39
Q

Aetiological agent for Tick Pyaemia (‘cripples’)

A

Staphylococcus aureus

40
Q

Presentation of Tick Pyaemia…

A

Immunosuppression, spinal/ joint abscesses

41
Q

Aetiological agent of Q fever…

A

Coxiella burnetti

42
Q

Consequence of Q fever in sheep…

A

Abortion

Small Ruminants (2 decks)

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