Skin disorders Flashcards
milia
epidermal cysts 1-2mm white papules on face common newborn spontaneous rupture
neonatal acne
inflammatory papules/pustules w/ or w/o comedomes common on face newborn sponaneous resolution w/in 1 yr
mottling
lacelike bluish/reticular discoloration on trunk/extremities. d/t dilated cutaneous vessels w/ temp changes transient and will disappear w/ rewarming
melanocytic nevi
large, darker brown nevi w/ or w/o terminal hair. Nevi > 5% BSA, +/- turn melanoma - watch and wait for removal
cafe au lait macule
light brown, oval macule, increase in # w/ age 6+ spots >1.5cm = dx criteria for neurofibromatosis type 1
melanoma
rare in kiddos - pigmented lesions w/ varigated colors, notched borders, asymmetrical, irregular surfaces - Bx needed w/ wide margins
hemangioma
red, rubbery vascular plaque/nodule. rapid proliferation that grows disproportional to child growth. 9-12 mo lesion involutes. Tx: only w/ visual impairment, airway obstruction, cardiac decomp. Tx: w/ prednislone or propranolol
epidermal nevi
warty/papillomatous plaques w/ linear array. Skin colored/yellow/brown.
Extensive = Epidermal Nevus Syndrome
Tx: Topical calcipotrience – to flatten
Only cure is surgical excision
miliaria
heat rash - obstructed eccrine glands
erythematous grouped papules over interigiousnous areas
acne
plugging follicles, increased sebum, p.acnes in follicle, inflammation
open = black comedones, closed = white
tx: topical keratolytic (retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, azelic acid), topical abx (clindamycin, erythromycin) oral Abx (doxycycline, minocycline) oral retinoids, OCPS
impetigo
honey crusted erosions - staph or strep A of epidermis
tx: cephalosporins, clindamycin, augmentin or topical murpirocin
cellulitis
erythematous, hot, tender, ill-defined edematous plaques w/ regional LAD. Staph = localized, Strep = spread
@ risk for speticemia
tx: systemic Abx
folliculitis
pustule @ follicular opening - painless
buttocks or extremities
deeper = furuncle
multiple = caruncle
staph/strep
tx: remove obstruction wet/hot compress or topical abx
scarlet fever
group A strep infxn - fever, malaise, vomiting, sore throat w/ tonsilar exudates. Erythematous, sunburned/sandpaper feel rash. axilla, groin, abdomen, trunk - blanches in skin folds. Rash w/in 24 hrs of fever, spreads and is gone in 1-2 days
tx: PNC (amox), cephalexin
warts
skin-colored papules w/ rough verrucous surfaces d/t HPV infxn tx: clear spontaneously, topical imiquimod or liquid nitrogen
scabies
linear burrows wrists, ankles, finger webs, areolas, axillary folds, genitalia
tx: emperically d/t presentation - Permethrin 5%
pediculosis
lice infxn - skin, hair, pubic hair - visible mites, exoriations & pustules
tx: Permethrin 5%
urticaria
hives! - erythematous papules w/ urticarial flare shoulder, arms, legs, buttocks, delayed hypersensitivity
tx: topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines
