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Skin Disorders > Skin Disorders > Flashcards

Skin Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the skin?

A

The skin is a vital organ that covers the entire outside of the body, forming a protective barrier against pathogens and injuries from the environment.

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2
Q

What are the three main layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis, Dermis and Hypodermis.

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3
Q

Where in the body the skin is thicker and hairless?

A

The palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.

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4
Q

Describe the Epidermis:

A

(the outer layer) it is a tough protective layer that contains the melanin-producing melanocytes. The epidermis is avascular and contains many small nerve endings. The epidermis layer itself is made up of five sublayers.

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5
Q

What are the five sublayers of the Epidermis?

A

Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Germinativum.

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6
Q

Describe the Dermis:

A

second layer located under the epidermis) is a live layer of vascular, connective tissues below the epidermis. Blood and lymph vessels, nerves, sweat, and oil glands are contained in this layer.

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7
Q

What are the two sublayers of the Dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular layer.

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8
Q

Describe the Hypodermis:

A

(subcutaneous tissue) also called the fatty layer is made up of fatty tissue known as adipose. Consists of a network of fat and collagen cells. Functions as both an insulator, conserving the body’s heat, and as a shock-absorber, protecting the inner organs.

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9
Q

What is the sublayer of the Epidermis that contains melanin?

A

Stratum Germinativum (Basal Layer).

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10
Q

What is the sublayer of the Epidermis where the cell turnover happens (every 28 days)?

A

Stratum Corneum (horny layer).

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11
Q

What is the function of the papillary layer of the Dermis?

A

Connects the dermis to the epidermis, regulates temperature, nourishes the epidermis, contains the nerve endings sensitive to touch and pressure and some blood vessels.

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12
Q

What is the function of the reticular layer of the Dermis?

A

Strengthens the skin, providing structure and elasticity. It also supports other components of the skin, such as hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of healthy skin?

A

Healthy skin is moist, soft, acidic, and flexible.

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14
Q

What are the six main functions of the skin?

A

Protection, sensation, heat regulation, excretion, secretion, absorption.

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15
Q

Define the skin function excretion:

A

The sudoriferous glands, or sweat glands, excrete perspiration, and detoxify the body by excreting excess salts and unwanted chemicals.

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16
Q

The sudoriferous glands, or sweat glands, excrete perspiration, and detoxify the body by excreting excess salts and unwanted chemicals.

A

Sebum or oil secreted from the sebaceous glands keeps the skin soft and protected from the outside elements.

17
Q

Define the skin function sensation:

A

Nerve endings in the dermis sense certain stimuli to protect us from danger. Sensing heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure protect us from injury.

18
Q

What is the branch of medical science that studies and treats the skin?

A

Dermatology

19
Q

What are subjective symptoms?

A

Symptoms that can be felt only by the client, such as itching, burning, and pain.

20
Q

What is the golden rule when dealing with skin disorders?

A

If the area of the skin to be worked on is inflamed, infected, broken, or raised a nail technician should not serve the client.

21
Q

What is dermatitis?

A

Inflammation of the skin. It usually involves itchy, dry skin or a rash on swollen, reddened skin.

22
Q

What is contact dermatitis?

A

This red, itchy stinging rash occurs where your skin has come into contact with substances that irritate the skin or cause an allergic reaction.

23
Q

What is eczema?

A

A chronic inflammatory skin disorder of unknown cause. Itching, burning, and the formation of scales and oozing blisters.

24
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

Red patches covered with white-silver scales, caused by skin cells that replicate too fast.

25
Q

What is edema?

A

Swelling caused by injury or infection or fluid retention.

26
Q

What is erythema?

A

Redness of the skin caused by inflammation.

27
Q

What is excoriation?

A

A sore or the abrasion caused by scratching off the superficial layers of the skin.

28
Q

What is tinea?

A

The name of a group of diseases caused by a fungus.

29
Q

What are verrucas or warts?

A

Human papillomaviruses.

30
Q

What is skin cancer?

A

Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells.

31
Q

What are the four variations of skin cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma.

32
Q

What is a bullae?

A

A large blister containing watery fluid, larger than a vesicle.

33
Q

What is a keloid?

A

A hypertrophic thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue. They occur where the skin has healed after an injury.

34
Q

What is a tumor?

A

An abnormal cell mass that varies in size, shape, and color.

35
Q

What are wheals or hives?

A

Swollen itchy bumps, wheals or patches on the skin that may last several hours caused by an insect bite, allergic reaction, food allergy or temperature change.

36
Q

What is a fissure?

A

Large crevices surrounded by thick, dry cracked and dead skin, that vary in depth around the perimeter of one or both heels, often resulting in heel pain and discomfort.

37
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

An open lesion on the skin, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. It develops on the skin as a result of injury, poor circulation, or pressure.

38
Q

What is dactylitis?

A

The swelling of the fingers and toes that can cause them to have a sausage-like appearance.

39
Q

What is vitiligo?

A

A disease that causes loss of skin color in patches. The discolored areas usually get bigger with time.

Skin Disorders (1 decks)

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