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BNF Skin > Skin conditions > Flashcards

Skin conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What do shake lotions e.g. calamine lotion leave on the skin?

A

A film

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2
Q

Gels are most suitable for what parts of the body

A

Face + scalp

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3
Q

Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the face

A

15-30g (100mL of lotion)

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4
Q

Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the trunk

A

400g (500mL of lotion)

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5
Q

Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the groin/genitalia

A

15-25g (100mL)

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6
Q

What is the purpose of urea?

A

permeation enhancer - used in combination with steroids

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7
Q

What is the MHRA alert regarding emoillents

A

Risk of burns with paraffin containing producrts

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8
Q

What is dimeticones purpose in barrier creams

A

water repellent substance

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9
Q

Nappy rash management

A
  1. change nappies regularly, barrier prep, loose fitting nappies
  2. mild corticosteroid (0.5 - 1%) if inflammation an issue but avoid in neonates
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10
Q

Maximum amount of days the mupirocin or fusidic acid should be used for

A

10 days

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11
Q

Silver sulfadiazine is used for what?

A

Infected burns

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12
Q

What antibiotic is used topically for rosacea

A

metronidazole

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13
Q

How long after the disappearance of fungal infection should antifungal treatment be continued?

A

for 1-2 weeks

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14
Q

Where can ringworm infection affect?

A

Scalp (tinea capitis), Foot (tinea pedis), groin (tinea cruris), hand (tinea mamuum), body (tinea corporis), nail (tinea unguium)

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15
Q

What class of antifungals are used to treat ringworm infections

A

imidazoles e.g. Econazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole

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16
Q

How is angular cheilitis treated

A

Miconazole cream

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17
Q

What cream is useful in intertrigo?

A

Hydrocortisone 1%

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18
Q

What cream is used for scabies infection

A

Premethrin or Malathion

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19
Q

Ivermectin is used for what skin condition

A

Norweigian (hyperkeratotic) scabies

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20
Q

All members of a household with scabies have to be treated - T or F

A

True

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21
Q

Where should particular attention be focused at when applying scabies cream

A

Webs or fingers and toes and lotion brushed over nails

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22
Q

How often should malathion / premethrin be applied?

A

Twice - once week apart. Re-apply is hands are washed during treatment

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23
Q

Crotamiton cream can be used to treat what side effect associated wiht scabies

A

Itch

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24
Q

What medication is effective against head lice

A

Dimeticone

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25
Q

How does dimeticone work?

A

Coats lice and interferes with water balance in lice (less effective against eggs)

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26
Q

After how many days should dimeticone treatment be repeated?

A

7 days

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27
Q

Can benyl benzoate be used to treat headlice in children?

A

No - unlicensed

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28
Q

What type of formulation should be used to treat headlice if live lice are present

A

Lotions or solutions only

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29
Q

How long should headlice treatment be in contact with the scalp to treat?

A

8 - 12 hours overnight

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30
Q

Do the rest of a headlice containing household need to be treated?

A

Yes - all members

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31
Q

What is the MHRA warning regarding head lice ?

A

Caution with open flames or sources of ignition

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32
Q

How long should a wet combing method of headlice removal be used for to eradicate the lice?

A

2 weeks

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33
Q

What medication is used to eliminate crab lice

A

Premethrin or malathion

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34
Q

How should crab lice treatment be applied?

A

Apply solution allow to dry and wash off after 12 hours a second treatment is needed after 7 days

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35
Q

What parts of the bdy need to be treated if a patient has crab lice

A

all parts including scalp, facial hair, neck and face (eyebrows etc)

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36
Q

If large areas of the body are treated with neomycin, what is a potential side effect

A

Otoxicity

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37
Q

How large is the tube of ketoconazole availble for purcahse OTC

A

15g

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38
Q

120mL of 2% ketoconzaole shampoo can be sold OTC for what condition

A

seborrheic dermatitis / dandruff

39
Q

Terbinafine is associated with what organ toxicity

A

Liver - need to monitor hepatic function before treatment then after 4-6 weeks

40
Q

How old must a patient be to buy terbinafine OTC

A

16

41
Q

What does hedrin contain

A

Dimeticone

42
Q

How long should Dimeticone be in contact with skin

A

8 hours

43
Q

How long should malathion e in contact with skin

A

12 hours

44
Q

Larger patients may require how many packs of permethrin

A

2 x 30g

45
Q

Lyclear is the brand of what medication

A

Permethrin

46
Q

How large is the pack of aciclovir cream that isavailbe OTC

A

2g

47
Q

In patients with frequent flares of eczema, how often can they apply steroid cream

A

2 consecutive days a week

48
Q

What solution can be used on exudating eczema

A

potassium permangenate

49
Q

Vitamin D analogue examples

A

Calcitriol, Calcipotriol, Tacalcitol

50
Q

Coal tar products can be used to treat what skin condition

A

psorasis

51
Q

Major disadvantage of Dithranol use in psorasis

A

Stain clothes, irritant, shouldnt be used in flextures or face

52
Q

What class of drug is tazarotene

A

Retinoid

53
Q

What systemic retinoid can be used for psorasis

A

Acitretiin

54
Q

After stopping Acitretin, how long is teratogenicity a risk for?

A

3 years

55
Q

What corticosteroid can be used on perioral lesions

A

hydrocortisone 1% max 7 days

56
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the face and neck

A

15-30g

57
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the tunk

A

100g

58
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the hands

A

15-30g

59
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the scalp

A

15-30g

60
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to both legs

A

100g

61
Q

Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to both arms

A

30-60g

62
Q

Examples of mild corticosteroids

A

Hydrocortisone 0.1-2.5%
Dioderm
Mildison
Synalar 1 in 10

63
Q

Canestan HC is what strength of steroid

A

Mild + antimicrobial

64
Q

Daktocort is what potency of steroid

A

Mild + antimicrobial

65
Q

Timodine is what potency of steroid

A

Mild + antimicrobial

66
Q

Moderate potency steriods

A

Betnovate RD (Betamethasone 0.025%)
Eumovate (clobetasone)
Modrasone
Synlar 1 in 4 dilution

67
Q

Trimovate is what potency of steroid

A

moderate + antimicrobial

68
Q

What cortiscosteroid is moderate potency + urea

A

Alphaderm

69
Q

Potent corticsteroid exampels

A 
Beclomethasone dipropionate 0.025%
Betamethasone valerate 0.1%
Betnovate
Elocon (mometasone furorate)
Locoid (hydrocortisone butyrate)
Mometasone furorate 0.1% 
synlar
70
Q

Fucibet is an example of what type of corticosteroid

A

Potent + antimicoribal

71
Q

Example of potent corticosteroid + salcylic acid

A

Diprosalic

72
Q

Very potenti corticosteroids

A

Dermovate (clobetasol)
Calrelux
Etrivex
Nerisone

73
Q

Very potent corticosteroid + antimicrobial

A

Clobetasol + neomycin + nystatin

74
Q

One fingertip unit is equivalent to how many mg

A

500mg (5mm diameter nozzle)

75
Q

One fingertip unit is sufficient to cover what

A

An area that is twice that of the flat adult handprint

76
Q

Betamethasone with clioquinol counselling advice

A

stains clothing

77
Q

Clobetasone butyrate with nystatin and oxytetracyline is what brand of cream

A

Trimovate (moderate potency + antimicrobial)

78
Q

Aluminium salts can be used to manage what condition?

A

Hyperhydrosis

79
Q

What medications can be used in the management of hyperhydrosis

A

Aluminium salts, botox, gylcopyronium bromide

80
Q

Benefit of azelaic acid over benzoyl peroxide

A

less irritation

81
Q

What antibacterial medication is normally given first line for acne

A

Oxytetracyline or tetracylcine

alternatives: Doxy /lymecycline

82
Q

What risk does minocycline hold that makes its less acceptable to prescribe for acne

A

Risk of SLE + irreversible pigmentation

83
Q

What anti androgen medication can be prescribed for women with acne

A

Co-cyprindol

84
Q

How many weeks is isotretinoin usually given for

A

16 weeks

85
Q

Side effects of isotretinon

A

Severe dryness, nose bleeds, joint pain, tertaogenic, psychiatric changes

86
Q

Rare reports of erectile dysfunction and decreased libido are associated with what acne medication

A

Isotretinoin

87
Q

What conditions is isotretinoin contraindicated in

A

Hyperlipeadamia + hypervitaminosis A

88
Q

What monitoring requirements are necessary with isotretinoin treatment

A

monitor LFTS + serum lipids at baseline, 1 month after starting and every 3 months

89
Q

How loing should each rescription of isotretinoin be limited to

A

30 days

90
Q

Brimonidine is an alpha 2 antagonsit that can be used in what skin condition

A

Rosacea

91
Q

How can cradle cap be treated?

A

Coconut or olive oil followed by shampoo

92
Q

what causes warts

A

HPV virus

93
Q

First line medications for wart removal

A

Salicyclic acid (keratolytic)

94
Q

How long is treatment of warts using salicylic acid required for

A

3 months

BNF Skin (1 decks)

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