Skin conditions Flashcards
What do shake lotions e.g. calamine lotion leave on the skin?
A film
Gels are most suitable for what parts of the body
Face + scalp
Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the face
15-30g (100mL of lotion)
Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the trunk
400g (500mL of lotion)
Amount of cream and ointment recommended for use on the groin/genitalia
15-25g (100mL)
What is the purpose of urea?
permeation enhancer - used in combination with steroids
What is the MHRA alert regarding emoillents
Risk of burns with paraffin containing producrts
What is dimeticones purpose in barrier creams
water repellent substance
Nappy rash management
- change nappies regularly, barrier prep, loose fitting nappies
- mild corticosteroid (0.5 - 1%) if inflammation an issue but avoid in neonates
Maximum amount of days the mupirocin or fusidic acid should be used for
10 days
Silver sulfadiazine is used for what?
Infected burns
What antibiotic is used topically for rosacea
metronidazole
How long after the disappearance of fungal infection should antifungal treatment be continued?
for 1-2 weeks
Where can ringworm infection affect?
Scalp (tinea capitis), Foot (tinea pedis), groin (tinea cruris), hand (tinea mamuum), body (tinea corporis), nail (tinea unguium)
What class of antifungals are used to treat ringworm infections
imidazoles e.g. Econazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole
How is angular cheilitis treated
Miconazole cream
What cream is useful in intertrigo?
Hydrocortisone 1%
What cream is used for scabies infection
Premethrin or Malathion
Ivermectin is used for what skin condition
Norweigian (hyperkeratotic) scabies
All members of a household with scabies have to be treated - T or F
True
Where should particular attention be focused at when applying scabies cream
Webs or fingers and toes and lotion brushed over nails
How often should malathion / premethrin be applied?
Twice - once week apart. Re-apply is hands are washed during treatment
Crotamiton cream can be used to treat what side effect associated wiht scabies
Itch
What medication is effective against head lice
Dimeticone
How does dimeticone work?
Coats lice and interferes with water balance in lice (less effective against eggs)
After how many days should dimeticone treatment be repeated?
7 days
Can benyl benzoate be used to treat headlice in children?
No - unlicensed
What type of formulation should be used to treat headlice if live lice are present
Lotions or solutions only
How long should headlice treatment be in contact with the scalp to treat?
8 - 12 hours overnight
Do the rest of a headlice containing household need to be treated?
Yes - all members
What is the MHRA warning regarding head lice ?
Caution with open flames or sources of ignition
How long should a wet combing method of headlice removal be used for to eradicate the lice?
2 weeks
What medication is used to eliminate crab lice
Premethrin or malathion
How should crab lice treatment be applied?
Apply solution allow to dry and wash off after 12 hours a second treatment is needed after 7 days
What parts of the bdy need to be treated if a patient has crab lice
all parts including scalp, facial hair, neck and face (eyebrows etc)
If large areas of the body are treated with neomycin, what is a potential side effect
Otoxicity
How large is the tube of ketoconazole availble for purcahse OTC
15g
120mL of 2% ketoconzaole shampoo can be sold OTC for what condition
seborrheic dermatitis / dandruff
Terbinafine is associated with what organ toxicity
Liver - need to monitor hepatic function before treatment then after 4-6 weeks
How old must a patient be to buy terbinafine OTC
16
What does hedrin contain
Dimeticone
How long should Dimeticone be in contact with skin
8 hours
How long should malathion e in contact with skin
12 hours
Larger patients may require how many packs of permethrin
2 x 30g
Lyclear is the brand of what medication
Permethrin
How large is the pack of aciclovir cream that isavailbe OTC
2g
In patients with frequent flares of eczema, how often can they apply steroid cream
2 consecutive days a week
What solution can be used on exudating eczema
potassium permangenate
Vitamin D analogue examples
Calcitriol, Calcipotriol, Tacalcitol
Coal tar products can be used to treat what skin condition
psorasis
Major disadvantage of Dithranol use in psorasis
Stain clothes, irritant, shouldnt be used in flextures or face
What class of drug is tazarotene
Retinoid
What systemic retinoid can be used for psorasis
Acitretiin
After stopping Acitretin, how long is teratogenicity a risk for?
3 years
What corticosteroid can be used on perioral lesions
hydrocortisone 1% max 7 days
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the face and neck
15-30g
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the tunk
100g
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the hands
15-30g
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to the scalp
15-30g
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to both legs
100g
Suitable quantity of corticosteroid to apply to both arms
30-60g
Examples of mild corticosteroids
Hydrocortisone 0.1-2.5%
Dioderm
Mildison
Synalar 1 in 10
Canestan HC is what strength of steroid
Mild + antimicrobial
Daktocort is what potency of steroid
Mild + antimicrobial
Timodine is what potency of steroid
Mild + antimicrobial
Moderate potency steriods
Betnovate RD (Betamethasone 0.025%)
Eumovate (clobetasone)
Modrasone
Synlar 1 in 4 dilution
Trimovate is what potency of steroid
moderate + antimicrobial
What cortiscosteroid is moderate potency + urea
Alphaderm
Potent corticsteroid exampels
Beclomethasone dipropionate 0.025% Betamethasone valerate 0.1% Betnovate Elocon (mometasone furorate) Locoid (hydrocortisone butyrate) Mometasone furorate 0.1% synlar
Fucibet is an example of what type of corticosteroid
Potent + antimicoribal
Example of potent corticosteroid + salcylic acid
Diprosalic
Very potenti corticosteroids
Dermovate (clobetasol)
Calrelux
Etrivex
Nerisone
Very potent corticosteroid + antimicrobial
Clobetasol + neomycin + nystatin
One fingertip unit is equivalent to how many mg
500mg (5mm diameter nozzle)
One fingertip unit is sufficient to cover what
An area that is twice that of the flat adult handprint
Betamethasone with clioquinol counselling advice
stains clothing
Clobetasone butyrate with nystatin and oxytetracyline is what brand of cream
Trimovate (moderate potency + antimicrobial)
Aluminium salts can be used to manage what condition?
Hyperhydrosis
What medications can be used in the management of hyperhydrosis
Aluminium salts, botox, gylcopyronium bromide
Benefit of azelaic acid over benzoyl peroxide
less irritation
What antibacterial medication is normally given first line for acne
Oxytetracyline or tetracylcine
alternatives: Doxy /lymecycline
What risk does minocycline hold that makes its less acceptable to prescribe for acne
Risk of SLE + irreversible pigmentation
What anti androgen medication can be prescribed for women with acne
Co-cyprindol
How many weeks is isotretinoin usually given for
16 weeks
Side effects of isotretinon
Severe dryness, nose bleeds, joint pain, tertaogenic, psychiatric changes
Rare reports of erectile dysfunction and decreased libido are associated with what acne medication
Isotretinoin
What conditions is isotretinoin contraindicated in
Hyperlipeadamia + hypervitaminosis A
What monitoring requirements are necessary with isotretinoin treatment
monitor LFTS + serum lipids at baseline, 1 month after starting and every 3 months
How loing should each rescription of isotretinoin be limited to
30 days
Brimonidine is an alpha 2 antagonsit that can be used in what skin condition
Rosacea
How can cradle cap be treated?
Coconut or olive oil followed by shampoo
what causes warts
HPV virus
First line medications for wart removal
Salicyclic acid (keratolytic)
How long is treatment of warts using salicylic acid required for
3 months
