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POM > Skin conditions > Flashcards

Skin conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Poor digital skin infarctions
Heliotrope rash
Rash on knuckles

A

Dermatomyositis

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2
Q

Is dermatomyositis indicative of an underlying cancer?

A

YES

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3
Q

What components are necessary for the skin exam?

A

Inspection and Palpation

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4
Q

Should patients be inspected from head to toe?

A

YES

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5
Q

Is adequate lighting necessary?

A

YES

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6
Q

Exam equipment?

A

Centimeter ruler, flashlight, Wood’s lamp, handheld magnifying lens

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7
Q

Inspection?

A

Lesion type, distribution, secondary characteristics, shape of individual lesions, arrangement of multiple lesions, color, consistency

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8
Q

Palpation?

A

Feel. Moisture, temperature, texture, turgor, mobility

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9
Q

Normal moisture

A

Minimal perspiration or oiliness present

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10
Q

Temperature

A

Check using dorsum of hands or fingers

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11
Q

Texture

A

Smooth, soft or even, verrucuous

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12
Q

Turgor

A

Depends on if patient is considerably dehydrated or if edema is present

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13
Q

Mobility

A

Skin should move easily when pinched and return to pace immediately when released

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14
Q

Macule

A

Freckle-like, flat, non-palpable

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15
Q

Papule

A

Elevated nevus, Palpable, circumscribed

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16
Q

Nodule

A

Wart, well-circumscribed

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17
Q

Vesicle

A

Blister, serous-filled

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18
Q

Pustule

A

Acne, vesicle with pus in it

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19
Q

Wheal

A

Mosquito bite, irregular borders

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20
Q

Primary lesions

A

How it came about

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21
Q

Secondary lesion

A

After scratching

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22
Q

Plaque

A

Psoriasis, large (>5 mm), formed by confluence of papules

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23
Q

Cysts

A

Ex: Sebaceous cyst. Enclosed cavity with lining containing liquid or semisolid material

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24
Q

Teleangiectasia

A

Dilated superficial vessel. Indicative of liver disease. Blanches when pressed on and fills back when pressure is released

25
Q

Bullae

A

Ex: Pemphigus. Large

26
Q

Secondary lesions

A 
Excoriation
Lichenification
Edema
Scale 
Crust
27
Q

Excoriation

A

Superficial skin erosion casued by scratching

28
Q

Lichenification

A

Increased skin markings and thickening secondary to chronic inflammation by scratching or other inflammation

29
Q

Edema

A

Swelling due to accumulation of water

30
Q

Scale

A

Superficial dead cells

31
Q

Fissure

A

Deep split in skin extending into dermis

32
Q

Erosion

A

Superficial focal loss of part of the epidermis

33
Q

Ulceration

A

Focal loss of epidermis extending into the dermis

34
Q

Atrophy

A

the elderly, decreased skin thickness due to skin thinning

35
Q

Scar

A

Abnormal fibrous tissue replacing normal tissue after skin injury

36
Q

Hypo-, hyper or de-pigmentation

A

Hypo- Patient’s skin is the base but has white spots
Hyper- Patient’s skin is the base but has darker spots. Ex: sun exposure
De- vitiligo. Common on extremities and around eyes

37
Q

ABCDE of staging a nevus

A

A-ASSYMETRY. One 1/2 doesn’t match the other
B-BORDERS. Irreg, ragged, notched, blurred
C- COLOR. Heterogeneous
D-DIAMETER. Greater than 6 mm
E-EVOLUTION.

38
Q

Why automatic referral by PCP to derm or surgery for possible melanoma?

A

Biopsying the specimen may help metastasis if melanoma

39
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Usually doesn’t metastasize

Hallmark: Pearly border with shallow “ulcer” at center

40
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Typical in sun-exposed areas of skin, metastasize, bleed, irreg borders
Rx: excision

41
Q

malignant melanoma

A

Lethal, common in NON sun-exposed areas, metastasizes early and widely, evolves over time

42
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

Cancer of the epithelium due to HHV8

Assoc’d with HIV patients

43
Q

Eczematous dermatitis

A

Irritant contact, allergic contact, atopic dermatitis

44
Q

Rosacea

A

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder

Rx: sun protection, removal of casue

45
Q

Follicultis

A

Inflammation of hair follicle, infected with bacteria, usually Staph
Rx: warm compresses

46
Q

Cellulitis

A

Infection
Can be severe
Rx: Elevation, treat underlying condition and empiric antibx Rx

47
Q

Psoriasis

A

Heriditary
Thick-red silvery plaques on extensor surfaces. Ex: Elbows and knees
Rx: PhotoRx

48
Q

Acanthosis nigricans

A

Nonspecific rxn

Assoc’d with DM, insulin resistance and obesity. Also PCOS

49
Q

Herpes Simplex type I

A

Lip

50
Q

Type II

A

Shaft

51
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Grouped vesicles on erythematous base following a dermatome
Usually unilateral
Risk: Elderly, immunosuppressed

52
Q

Alopecia areata

A

Sudden, rapid loss of hair usually from scalp or face

53
Q

Cherry hemangiomas/angiomata

A

Mature capillary proliferation.

Does not blanch when pressed

54
Q

Seborrheic keratoses

A

Waxy, benign, slowly-growing tumor

55
Q

Chronic venous stasis

A

das

56
Q

Plantar’s wart

A

Black dots seen around tissue

Rx: salcyclic acid or liquid nitrogen

57
Q

Paronychia (Witlow)

A

Inflammation under the nail due to biting naills

58
Q

Fro exam

A
  • Melanoma send to derm
  • Know bad things in ABCDE
  • Pattern recognition and picture recognition

POM (4 decks)

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