Skin- Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the differentials for a lump?

Answer 1

• cyst
• lipoma
• aneurysm
• varicosity
• neuroma
• lymphadenopathy
• sarcoma
• hernia/ ganglion

Question 2

what is actinic keratosis?

Answer 2

• most common pre-malignant lesion
• cause: chronic sun damage
• aka SCC in situ
• 10-15% may progress to SCC

Question 3

Rx for actinic keratosis?

Answer 3

sun protection
5-flurouracil cream
cryotherapy
cautery
cryosurgery
laser
surgical excision

Question 4

What are campbell de morgan spots?

Answer 4

cherry haemangiomas- proliferation of dilated venules.

rx: conservative, can do cryo, curretage, shave excision

Question 5

what is dermatofibroma?

Answer 5

hx of trauma
benigh neoplasm of dermal fibroblasts
dimple sign- characteristic
Rx: conservative but when ?diagnosis- excision biopsy

Question 6

what is keratocanthoma?

Answer 6

overgrowth of hair follicles
central keratin plug
will spontaneously regress
some consider as self limiting SCC

Question 7

what is a naevus?

Answer 7

benign proliferation of the normal constituent cells of the skin.

Question 8

what is seborrhoeic keratosis?

Answer 8

benign overgrowth of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
benign, variably pigmented with stuck on skin warty appearance
may be numerous and can scratch off easily & bleed.

Question 9

what is a neurofibroma?

Answer 9

benign hamartoma of peripheral nerve schwann cells

soft and fleshy pedunculated lesions of the skin

Question 10

what is neurofibromatosis?

Answer 10

inherited AD

two types type 1 & 2

Question 11

what is neurofibromatosis type 1?

Answer 11

Von Recklinghausen's disease
>6 cafe au lait spots >o.5cm in diameter
multiple cutaneous neurofib
increased risk of meningioma, acoustic neuroma and optic nerve glioma
kyphosis and tibial bowing may occur

Question 12

what is neurofibromatosis type 2?

Answer 12

B/l acoustic neurofibromatosis
more central than type 1
common ft:
b/l accoustic neurofibromas
intracranial meniomas
cranial nerve schwannomas

Question 13

what is a papilloma?

Answer 13

benign overgrpwth of all skin layers
central vascularised core
AKA skin tags
Rx surgical excision

Question 14

what is pyogenic granuloma?

Answer 14

acquired capillary haemangioma
hx of trauma
can be painful and bleed
Mx: biopsy

Question 15

what is a sebaceous cyst?

Answer 15

abnormal membrane lined sac composed of epithelial cells containing a caseous substance comprised of fibrous tissue, fluid and keratin.

Question 16

what is a lipoma?

Answer 16

benign tumour of fat ells
not fixed to skin or underlyin structures
freely mobile
'slip sign'
Rx: conservative, excision

Question 17

what is an ulcer?

Answer 17

breakdown in all layers of an epithelial surface