Skin Care Flashcards
1
Q
What is Dermatology?
A
The study of skin, its functions, structures, conditions, diseases/disorders and treatments.
2
Q
What is Contamination?
A
Process of making something unclean or unsuitable to be near or touched.
3
Q
What is Decontamination?
A
Removal of any infectious materials on tools or surfaces by following the guidelines.
4
Q
What is Sanitation?
A
The physical or chemical process of reducing the surface pathogens and dirt.
5
Q
What is an Antiseptic?
A
An agent that prevents or reduces infection by eliminating or decreasing the growth of microorganisms.
6
Q
What is disinfection?
A
The process of destroying most pathogenic bacteria and toxins on nonporous surfaces.
7
Q
What is EPA?
A
Enviornmental Protection Agency
8
Q
What is Efficacy?
A
the ability of the product to produce favorable results. (The Label)
9
Q
What is alcohol?
A
An extremely flammable. colorless liquid that evaportes quickly.
10
Q
What is Sodium Hypochlorite?
A
Bleach, which is used in disinfectants.
11
Q
What is Phenol?
A
A strong, high PH disinfectant. 5% used on metal implements.
12
Q
What is Sterilization?
A
The highest level of decontamination and is most effective level of infection control. Destroys all microbial life and bacterial spores, leaving nonporous surface germ free.
13
Q
What is Bacteria?
A
One-celled microorganisms that can only be seen through a microscope.
14
Q
What is the Active Stage?
A
When reproduction and bacterial growth take place.
15
Q
What is the Inactive Stage?
A
When the bacterial cells meet unfavorable conditions.
16
Q
What is a Non-pathogenic bacteria?
A
Microorganisms that are NOT harmful or disease producing.
17
Q
What is a Pathogenic bacteria?
A
HARMFUL microorganisms that feed on living matter that and cause infection.
18
Q
What is a bloodborne pathogen?
A
Infectious pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood or bodily fluids.
19
Q
What is Cocci?
A
Circular-shaped bacteria that produce pus and appear alone or in groups.
20
Q
What is Staphylococci?
A
Bacterial cells which form in clusters, pus and boil forming.
21
Q
What is Diplococci?
A
Spherical-shaped, Infection-causing bacterial that grow in pairs.
22
Q
What is Streptpcocci?
A
Pus-forming bacterial cells that form in long chains.
23
Q
What is Bacilli?
A
Long, rod-shaped bacteria that is highly contagious.
24
Q
What is Spirilla?
A
Sprial-shaped bacteria.
25
What is a virus?
They attack human cells by entering the cell wall, growing to maturity and reproducing. Needs a host.
26
What is Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)?
Fever blisters/ cold sores and is contagious.
27
What is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?
A bloodborne pathogen that weakens the immune system by destroying the white blood cells.
28
What is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?
The final stage of the HIV virus, which destroys the immune system.
29
What is MRSA?
An infection that is resistant to certain antibiotics.
30
What is Hepatitis?
A bloodborne virus that can cause inflammation to the liver and is characterized by jaundice.
31
What is an Infection?
It is caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that enter the body.
32
What is HARPS?
5 Signs of infection.
1. Heat
2. Ache
3. Redness
4. Pus
5. Swelling
33
What is Immunity?
The body's ability to fight or defend against infection and disease.
34
What is Natural Immunity?
Immunity obtained through inheritance or through hygienic living.
35
What is Acquired Immunity?
Immunity when the body catches and overcomes the disease. Also, in vaccines.
36
What is Anatomy?
The scientific study of the shape and structure of the human body and its parts.
37
What is physiology?
The biological study of the body's internal functioning.
38
What is Protoplasm?
Jelly-like, granular material that contains the living contents of a cell.
39
What is mitosis?
The process in which human tissue cells reproduce by dividing in two.
40
What is Tissues?
Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function.
41
What is the Skeletal System?
The physical foundation of the body and is composed of 206 bones.
42
What is a Non-Striated muscle?
Smooth muscles that are responsible for involuntary movements.
43
What is insertion?
Joined to the movable portion of the bone.
44
What is the belly?
Middle part of a muscle.
45
46
What is an Origin?
The non-moving end section of the bone.
47
What is the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle?
Surrounds the entire eye socket.
48
What is the Epidermis?
"Basal Layer" the outermost protective layer of the skin.
49
What is Keratinization?
A process the converts living skin cells into hard protein cells. They are forced to move upward, pushing against each other, losing their moisture content, flattening then hardening.
50
What is Stratum Corneum?
The outermost layer of the epidermis. (Horny layer)
51
What is Stratum Lucidum?
Made up of clear cells, which allow light to pass through.
52
What is Stratum Granulosum?
Keratinization is most active.
53
What is Stratum Spinosum?
The spiny layer.
54
What is the Papillary Layer?
Epidermal-dermal junction.
55
What is the Dermal Papillae?
Small cone shaped elevations found at the base of the hair follicle that can contain small capillaries and nerve endings.
56
Reticular Layer
The deeper layer of the dermis and assists in supplying the skin with nutrients and oxygen.
57
Sudoriferous Glands
Tube-like, sweat glands that begin in the dermis and extend into the epidermis by attaching to hair follicles.
58
Sebaceous Glands
Oil glands that attached to the hair follicles that produce sebum. Encompass the full length of the dermis and epidermis.
59
What is Sebum?
The oily substance the sebaceous glands secrete.
60
What is the Acid Mantle?
The thin layer of sebum and sweat that provides the skin a barrier in helping to resist dirt and germs from entering the body. (4.5-5.5 in pH)
61
What are Ultraviolet-A (UVA) rays?
Aging rays.
62
What are Ultraviolet-B (UVB) rays?
Burning rays that could possibly cause skin damage and/or possible skin cancer.
63
What is a Keratoma? (callus)
Thickened or hardened are of skin cause by friction.
64
What is a skin tag?
A small, soft, pigmented outgrowth of the epidermal layer of skin.
65
What is Verruca?
Medical term for wart.
66
What is a mole?
A small, flat or raised pigmented spot on the surface of the skin, ranging from light to dark brown?
67
What is a Melanoma?
A tumor containing dark pigmented and is typically associated with skin cancer.
68
What is Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Most common, mild and non-melanoma form of skin cancer.
69
What is a Malignant Melanoma?
the most dangerous form of skin cancer, appearing as dark brown or black spots, with an uneven shape or texture.
70
What are Milia?
White keratin-filled bumps or cysts that are enclosed within the epidermis.
71
What is a blackhead?
An open comedo.
72
What is a whitehead?
A closed comedo.
73
What is dermatitis?
Inflammation of the skin from any cause.
74
What is Venenata (Contact dermatitis)?
An allergic reaction cause by the skin's sensitivity to the exposure or use of a certain product.
75
What is Eczema?
Painful, itchy, non-contagious skin inflammation. Lesion can appear dry or moist.
76
What is Psoriasis?
A chronic non-contagious skin disorder that appears as rough, dry, red patches covered with a silvery-white scales produced by an over production of the stratum corneum skin cells.
77
What is Impetigo?
A contagious bacterial infection of the skin characterized by open lesions.
78
What is conjuctivitis?
Pink eye, highly contagious bacterial infection of the eyes.
79
What are Lesions?
Wounds or marks of the skin that can be considered either a disease or disorder.
80
What are Primary Lesions?
Lesions that are a different skin color and are raised above the skin.
81
What are Secondary Lesions?
Lesions that are a structual change to the skin surface.
82
What are some causes for Primary Lesions?
Allergic reaction, Bacterial invasion, Enviornmental, Genetic, and Lifestyle.
83
What is a Papule?
Small, red elevated protrusion of the skin, usually containing no pus.
84
What is a Pustule?
An inflame, elevated pimple that contains pus.
85
What is Tubercles?
Small, prominent solid lumps enclosed within the epidermis that may extend into the dermis.
86
What is a Nodule?
A solid bump larger that one centimeter that can be easily felt.
87
What is a Cyst?
A closed, abnormally developed sac contaning fluid, pus and morbid matter.
88
What is a Tumor?
An abnormal solid mass or lump varying in size, shape and color.
89
What is a Macule?
An area of discoloration that appears on the skin's surface.
90
What is a Vesicle?
A small elevated blister or sac filled with a clear fluid located within or directly below the epidermis.
91
What is a Bulla?
A large blister containing clear, watery fluid.
92
What is a Wheal?
An itchy, swollen lesion that occurs shortly after an insect bite or allergic reaction.
93
What is Exoriation?
Occurs through scraping or scratching of the epidermal layer of the skin.
94
What is Electricity?
The flow of electrical current or charge.
Protons are a positive charge.
Electrons are a negative charge.
95
What is a circuit?
A path of electricity where electricity flows through a complete route through conducters and ends where it began.
96
What is a circuit breaker?
A switch that automatically shuts off the flow of electricity at the first signs of an overload.
97
Alternating Current (AC)
a rapid or interrupted electriacl current that switches direction, moving in one direction then changing to the opposite direction
98
What is a rectifier?
a device that switches AC to DC
99
What is a direct current?
An electric current that flows in only one direction.
100
What is a converter?
A device that seitches DC to AC.
101
WHat is a conductor?
any material that allows or supports the flow of electric current.
102
Nonconductor
AKA insulator
103
Volt
the unit for measuring the force or pressure of an electric current
104
Ampere (Amp)
unit ofr measuring the strength of an electrical current
105
OHM
unit for measuring the resistance of an electric current
106
Watt
measure the amount of electrical energy used by an apparatus within one second
107
Kilowatt
measures 1,000 watts of electrical power used in an apparatus witihin one second
108
Milliampere
1/1000 of an ampere.
109
Electrotherapy
utilizes electrical currents and electrodes placed on the skin during facial treatments. The most common are Tesla and Galvanic
110
4 types of electrotherapy currents
Tesla High Grequency
Galvanic
Faradic
Sinusoidal
111
Electrode (probe)
hand-held applicator that carries the electric current from the unit to your guest's skin. When using a glass electrode during high frequency current application, a violet color will appear.
112
Tesla HIgh Frequency Current
Violet Rays
113
Preservative facial treatments
delivered to maintain and protect the h3ealth othe the skin and provide the added benefits of toning or tightening the skin
114
Corrective facial treatments
performed to assist in the remedy of a skin condition or ailment. These treatments are used to manage or slow down a pre-existing condition.
115
COntraindicaitons
conditions or situations that are present that would prevent you from performing the requested service.
116
Normal skin?
to preserve its beauty
117
Oily skin?
to control the flow of sebum, reduce the appearance of pore size.
118
Combination skin
requires a specialized skin care regimen for simultaneously treating 2 different types of skin.
119
Sensitive skin?
susceptible to itchin, burning, irritation or inflammation, skin test is required to check sensitivity.
120
Couperose skin?
dilation of small blood vessels appearing at the surface fo the skin. Advanced stage is rosacea.
