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Physical Diagnosis > Skin and Nails > Flashcards

Skin and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Eccrine Gland

A

Sweat

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2
Q

Apocrine Gland

A

BO (stress related)

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3
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

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4
Q

Turgor

A

Rigidity of tissue

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5
Q

Annular Lesion

A

Round. Active margins with central clearing. Common with fungal infections.

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6
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Fungal infection with annular lesions

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7
Q

Zosteriform Lesion

A

Dermatomal. Follows nerve segment

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8
Q

Target Lesion

A

Pink macules with purple central papules.

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9
Q

Morbilliform Lesions

A

Erythematous maculopapular lesions. Measle-like.

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10
Q

Erythematous

A

Shade of red

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11
Q

Violaceous

A

light violet colored

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12
Q

ABCDE of Malignant Melanoma

A 
A: asymmetry
B: Irregular borders
C: variable coloring 
D: >6mm diameter
E: elevated
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13
Q

Macule

A

Primary Lesion. Flat. Circumscribed.

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14
Q

Serpinginous Lesion

A

Wavy margin

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15
Q

Mongolian Spots

A

Patch

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16
Q

Patch

A

Primary Lesion. Flat. Irregular shape. >1 cm in diameter.

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17
Q

Freckles

A

Macule

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18
Q

Measles

A

Macule. Morbilliform.

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19
Q

Petechiae

A

Vascular Lesion. Macule. Blood under the skin. Don’t blanch. Hicki.

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20
Q

Cafe au lait spots

A

Patch. Birth mark.

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21
Q

Port Wine Stain

A

Patch

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22
Q

Vitiligo

A

Patch. Absence of pigmentation.

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23
Q

Papule

A

Primary Lesion. Firm. Circumscribed. Palpable. Can form plaques.

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24
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum

A

Papule

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25
Q

Warts

A

Papule

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26
Q

Nevi

A

Papule. Brown/black moles. Categorized as a benign nodular lesion.

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27
Q

Plaque

A

Primary lesion. Elevated. Firm. Rough. Circumscribed. > 1 cm in diameter.

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28
Q

Psoriasis

A

Plaque. Scale. Categorized as a papulosquamous lesion.

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29
Q

Eczema

A

Plaque. Erosion. Fissures.

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30
Q

Nodule

A

Primary lesion. Deep and very firm. > 0.5 cm in diameter. Round.

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31
Q

Lipomas

A

Nodule

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32
Q

Skin Cancer

A

Nodule. Usually blanchable.

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33
Q

Tumor

A

Primary lesion. Large nodule deep in the dermis. > 2 cm.

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34
Q

Hemangioma

A

Tumor

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35
Q

Wheal

A

Primary lesion. Irregular, transient, superficial edema.

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36
Q

Urticaria

A

Hives. Wheal.

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37
Q

Mosquito Bite

A

Wheal.

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38
Q

Vesicle

A

Primary Lesion. Circumscribed. Filled with serous fluid.

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39
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus

A

Vesicle

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40
Q

Bulla

A

Primary lesion. Vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter.

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41
Q

Blister

A

Bulla

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42
Q

Hemorrahagic Bulla

A

Serous fluid and blood filled bulla

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43
Q

Pustule

A

Primary lesion. Elevated. Superficial. Circumscribed. Filled with pus.

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44
Q

Acne

A

Pustule

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45
Q

Impetigo

A

Pustule. Crusts. Categorized as a vesiculobullous lesion.

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46
Q

Fire Ant Bites

A

Pustule

47
Q

Erosion

A

Secondary lesion. Loss of superficial epidermis. Surface is wet. Heals without scarring.

48
Q

Ulcer

A

Secondary lesion. Deep. Loss of epidermis and dermis. Heals with scarring.

49
Q

Decubitis

A

Ulcer

50
Q

Fissure

A

Secondary lesion. Linear crack from epidermis to dermis.

51
Q

Angular chelitist

A

Fissure. Misfitting dentures.

52
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

Fissure. athletes foot.

53
Q

Excoriation

A

Secondary lesion. Abrasion or scratch.

54
Q

Scabies

A

Excoriation.

55
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A

Excoriation.

56
Q

Crust

A

Secondary lesion. Dried residue of serum or pus.

57
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

Crust.

58
Q

Kerion

A

Crust. Fungal lesion of hair.

59
Q

Scale

A

Secondary lesion. Thin flake of exfoliated epidermis.

60
Q

Dandruff

A

Scale

61
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

Scale

62
Q

Lichenification

A

Secondary lesion. Thickening and roughening of the skin. chronic itching.

63
Q

Atrophy

A

Secondary lesion. Thinning of skin with loss of normal skin markings.

64
Q

Striae

A

Atrophy. Stretch marks.

65
Q

Overuse of corticosteroids

A

Atrophy.

66
Q

Purpura

A

Vascular lesion. Petechiae but greater than 0.5 cm.

67
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Vascular lesion. Bruise.

68
Q

Spinder angiomas

A

Vascular lesion. Fiery red. body with spider like radiating legs.

69
Q

Cherry angiomas

A

Vascular lesion. don’t blanch. red papules. raised or flat. Categorized as benign nodular lesion.

70
Q

Telangectasias

A

Vascular lesion. Irregular red lines due to dilated capillaries. blanchable.

71
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Telangectasias. Categorized as a malignant nodular lesion. Pearly nodule in sun exposed area. Grows slowly. Depressed center with elevated border.

72
Q

Rosacea

A

Telangectasias. Papules, nodules and pustules.

73
Q

Hemangioma

A

Vascular lesion. Irregular. Starts as macular patch. Can become plaque or nodule.

74
Q

Papulosquamous lesions

A

Category. papules, plaques and scales.

75
Q

Lichen Planus

A

papulosquamous lesion. 5 P’s Pruritic, polygonal, purple, planar, papules.

76
Q

Epidermoid cysts

A

Categorized as a nodular lesion. Sebaceous cysts.

77
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Categorized as a malignant nodular lesion. Keratotic. eroded nodule or pustule. Firm. grows faster than BCC.

78
Q

Vesiculobollous lesions

A

Category. Vesicles and bullae.

79
Q

Pemphigus

A

Categorized as a vesiculobollous lesion. Autoimmune disease. Can be fatal.

80
Q

Maculopapular Lesions

A

Macules and papules.

81
Q

Viral exanthems

A

Categorized as a maculopapular lesion. Generalized erythrematous maculopapular rash.

82
Q

Drug eruptions

A

Categorized as maculopapular lesions. allergic reaction.

83
Q

Clubbing of Nails

A

Round, spongy nail. Caused by chronic hypoxia, CHF and lung cancer. Angle of nails together exceeds 180 degrees.

84
Q

Beau’s Lines

A

Transverse depression that grow out with the nail. Sign of trauma or disease.

85
Q

Paronychia

A

Inflammation of the nail folds. Caused by immersion in water.

86
Q

Onychocryptosis

A

Ingrown toe nail. Nails grow into dermis. Due to tight shoes or improper nail cutting.

87
Q

Terry’s nails

A

White with distal band of reddish brown. Cause by aging, diabetes, cirrhosis and heart failure.

88
Q

Leukonychia

A

Trauma to nails causes white discoloration.

89
Q

koilonychia

A

Spoon nail. Caused by iron deficiency anemia.

90
Q

Onycholisis

A

Painless separation of nail from nail bed. Caused by trauma, psoriasis, contact dermatitis.

91
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Fungal infection of nail bed

92
Q

Nail pitting

A

psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus.

93
Q

Intertriginous

A

Area where skin rubs together

94
Q

Acral

A

Peripheral parts

95
Q

alopecia

A

Hair loss

96
Q

dysplastic

A

larger, irregular, indistinct borders

97
Q

solar lentigines

A

liver spots. macules acquired on sun exposed areas.

98
Q

Iccterus

A

Jaundice

99
Q

Plethora

A

skin turgesence and redness

100
Q

Actinic Keratosis

A

superficial hyperkeratotic papule. On sun exposed areas. can develop into SCC.

101
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

Raised papules or plaques. velvety. stuck on appearance.

102
Q

Excoriation

A

Linear scratches

103
Q

AIDS

A

Hairy Leukoplakia, Kaposi’s sarcoma and many other skin disorders

104
Q

Addison’s Disease

A

Hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes

105
Q

Chronic Renal Disease

A

Pallor, xerosis, pruritus, hyperpigmentation, half and half nails.

106
Q

Xerosis

A

Dryness

107
Q

Lindsey’s Nails

A

half and half nails. proximal half white and distal half pink.

108
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Erythema nodosum, enterocutaneous fistulas, ulcers

109
Q

Cushing’s Disease

A

Striae, skin atrophy, purpura, telangiectasias

110
Q

telangiectasias

A

spidery dilated capillaries

111
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

dry, rough, pale skin. Course, brittle hair. Cool skin.

112
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

warm, moist, soft skin. velvety skin. fine hair, vitiligo, hyperpigmentation.

113
Q

Dermatophytes

A

Fungal infection that require keratin for growth. penetrate stratum corneum

Physical Diagnosis (1 decks)

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