Skin and Integumentary system Flashcards
4 types of membranes
- serous membranes
- mucous membranes
- synovial membranes
- cutaneous membranes
serous membrane
lines certain internal cavities and secretes serous fluid
mucous membranes
line cavities with outside contact such as the nasal and oral canals, secretes mucousal fluid
synovial membrane
in joints, mainly connective tissue. secretes synovial fluid
function of skin
responsible for maintaining homeostasis
provides a protective covering
3 layers of the skin
- epidermis
- dermis
- hypodermis (subcutaneous)
5 layers of the epidermis and what they do
- stratum basal (bottom layer)
- nourished by the dermis layer
- stratum spinosum
- keratinization begins
- stratum granulosum
- protective barrier
- stratum lucidum
- only exists on the palms and soles of feet, thick protective layer
- stratum corneum
- layer that gets shed off
what 3 things that affect skin color
- genetic differences
- more melanin makes darker skin
- exposure to sun
- we generate more melanin
- circulation
- oxygenated= pinkish non-oxygenated= blueish
Dermis
- carries nutrients
2. contains nerve fibers, sensory fibers, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands
squamous cell carcinoma
second most common form of skin cancer
- develops in the epidermis
- accumulation of UV exposure
basal cell carcinoma
- occurs in the stratum basal
2. caused by intense UV rays and an accumulation of UV exposure
Melanoma
- most dangerous and deadly form of skin cancer
- caused by intense UV exposure
- occurs in the melanocytes in the basal epidermis
- spreads quickly and can spread to organs
subcutaneous layer
- loose CT and insulating adipose tissue
2. binds the skin to underlying organs
hair follicles
- develop from cells at the base of the hair follicle
- keratinized
- is attached to the arrector pili muscle which raises the hair up
sebaceous glands
- secretes sebum
- waxy oily residue
- lubricates and waterproofs
- build up results in clogged pores