Skin Flashcards
Describe the structure of skin
Startup cornea Epidermis Papillary dermis Reticular dermis Hypodermis
Describe the structure of the epidermis
Made up of keratinocytes that start out the basement membrane and differentiate and move up
Separated into 4 layers
3 cell types found in the epidermis and their functions
Langerhan cells = antigen presenting
Merkel = sensation
Melanocytes = produce melanin
What is the result of a mutation in filagrin gene?
Glue between corneocytes in epidermis is not normal
= eczema
Name 4 layers of the epidermis
Stratum basale
Stratum spinous
Stratum granulosum = cells have keratin granules
Stratum corneum = cells have no nuclei
Where are melanocytes found?
Basement membrane of epidermis
Vitamin D deficiency in children is called?
Rickets = soft and fragile bones
How are the dermis and epidermis held together?
Complex proteins hold the epidermis and dermis thogther at the basement membrane zone
What happens if there is a mutation in one of these proteins?
Layers aren’t connected properly
Get blisters
Epidermolysis bullosa
What does the dermis contain?
Collagen Elastin Glycosaminoglycans GAGs Fibroblasts Immune cells
2 types of sweat glands
Eccrine = all over body, salty sweat Apocrine = under hair follicle, viscous sweat can be metabolised by bacteria
Embryology of epidermis, dermis and melanocytes
Epidermis = ectoderm Dermis = mesoderm Melanocytes = neural crest
Functions of skin
Protection against injury Protection against pathogens Protection against radiation Vitamin D production Waterproofing Sensory organ Cosmetic Thermoregulation
