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adult health 2 final > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Key interventions for burn patients

A
  1. Airway acsess,
  2. Administer O2,
  3. Cover patient w blanket,
  4. Keep pt NPO,
  5. Elevate extremities if no fractures obvious,
  6. Vitals,
  7. Start IV,
  8. Tetanus prophylaxis
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2
Q

patient is in the resuscitation phase of a burn who is hoarse, has a brassy cough, or difficulty swallowing or produced audible breath sound on exhalation. nursing priority?

A

Immediately apply oxygen and notify rapid response team

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3
Q

Burn patient has pulmonary edema. Nursing priority?

A
  1. Elevate the head of bed at least 45 degrees
  2. Apply oxygen
  3. Notify Rapid response team
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4
Q

Which burn classification?

Pink to red
Mild edema
Yes pain
No blisters
No eschar
3-6 days to heal
No graft
EX: sunburn
A

superficial

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5
Q

Which burn classification?

Pink to red
MIld to moderate edema
Yes Pain
Yes Blisters
No eschar
2 weeks to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects briefly
A

superficial partial thickness burns

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6
Q

Which burn classification?

Red to white
Yes Pain
Moderate Edema
Rare blisters
2-6 weeks to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects for longer, chemicals, grease
A

Deep partial thickness

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7
Q

Which burn classification?

Black, brown, yellow, white or red
Can have pain
Severe edema
No blisters
Yes eschar
Weeks to months to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects for longer, chemicals, grease, electricity
A

Full thickness

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8
Q

Which burn classification?

BLACK
No Pain
No edema
No blisters
Weeks to months to heal
Yes eschar
EX: flames, electr
A

Deep full thickness

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9
Q

What is the actual parkland formula? What phase is it used for?

A

Volume of LR = 4 mL x %TBSA burned x weight in kg

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10
Q

With parkland formula how much do you give in the first 8 hours?

A

Half of the formula

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11
Q

With parkland formula how much do we give in the next 16 hours?

A

half of the formula

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12
Q

With parkland formula how much do we give in the next 8 hours after the first 8 hours?

A

25% of original formula

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13
Q

Rule of nines. What %?

Head and neck

A

9% (4.5% for front and 4.5% for back)

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14
Q

Rule of nines What %?

Each arm

A

9% ((4.5% for front and 4.5% for back)

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15
Q

Rule of nines What %?

anterior trunk

A

18%

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16
Q

Rule of nines What %?

posterior trunk

A

18%

17
Q

Rule of nines What %?

Each leg

A

18% (9% for front and 9% for back)

18
Q

Rule of nines What %?

perineum

A

1 %

19
Q

intubation has not been performed in a patient whose upper airways were exposed to heat or toxic gases, nursing priority?

A
  1. continually assess the upper airway for edema and obstruction
  2. Medications like Albumin and Hypertonic solution (pulls from cell to body)
20
Q

what does PaO2 (60-80) look like with burns?

A

slightly decreased

21
Q

what does

PaCO2 (35-45) look like with burns?

A

PaCO2

Slightly increased from inhalation

22
Q

pH with burns?

A

low, metabolic acidosis

23
Q

normal protein? 6.4-8.3

A

Low, protein lost in wound

24
Q

Albumin? 3.5-5.0

A

Low, protein lost in wound

25
Q

Skin graft type?:

Temporary
Human (cadaver)
Body rejects in 2 weeks

A

Homograft

or allograft

26
Q

Skin graft type?:

Temporary
Another species such as a pig
Body rejects in 5-7 days

A

Heterograft (xenograft)

27
Q

Skin graft type?:

Examples: Integra, Epicel, Dermagraft, Alloderm
Cultured epithelial autograft
Varying percentage of rejection rates
Evolving research
Expensive
A

Artificial, synthetic skin

28
Q

Skin graft type?:

from self
Permanent
Split thickness grafts
Mesh or sheet form

A

Autograft

29
Q

key interventions for preventing pressure ulcers?

A
  1. Protect bony prominences
  2. Watch BNC etc
  3. Turn q2 h
  4. Float heels
  5. Keep Dry
30
Q

Which skin cancer?

firm, nodular lesion topped with a crust or a central area of ulceration

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

31
Q

Which skin cancer?

PEARLY papule with a central crater and rolled waxy borders. Telangiectasis and pigment flecks visible on close inspection

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

32
Q

Which skin cancer?

Irregularly shaped pigmented papule or plaque - variegated colors with red, white and blue tones

A

Melanoma

33
Q

Which skin cancer?

small papule with dry, rough, adherent yellow or brown scale. Base may be erythematous. Associated with yellow, wrinkled, weather beaten skin. Thick indurated ones are more likely to be independent.

A

Actinic keratosis

adult health 2 final (7 decks)

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