skin

Question 1

what occurs in the corneum layer?

Answer 1

dead cells highly packed with keratin, squamous where dead cells fall off

Question 2

what happens in lucidum layer?

Answer 2

highly translucent layer, very thing

Question 3

What happens in the granulosum layer?

Answer 3

release of cytoplasmic organelles, high lipid concentrated secretions
Cells loose nuclei and are turned into ketatinised squames of the next layer

Question 4

What happens in the spinosum layer?

Answer 4

become polyhedral shaped, thick tufts of keratin

Langerhan cells

Question 5

What layer are the langerhan cells found in?

Answer 5

striatum spinosum

Question 6

What layer are merkel cells and melanocytes found in?

Answer 6

Striatum basale

Question 7

What is found in the papillary layer of the dermis?

Answer 7

less dense connective tissue

Question 8

What is found in reticular layer of the dermis ?

Answer 8

dense connective tissue

Question 9

Where is the dermal plexus found?

Answer 9

base of the dermis

Question 10

where does squamous cell carcinoma begin?`

Answer 10

Granulosum layer

Question 11

Where does a malignant melanoma start?

Answer 11

From melanocytes in basal layer

Question 12

What does HPV do to cause warts?

Answer 12

Increased amounts of keratin

Question 13

What does thick skin not have? (glabrous)

Answer 13

non hairy, no sebaceous or apocrine glands

Question 14

what secrete sebum into hair follicles?

Answer 14

sebaceous glands

Question 15

what are found throughout the skin and secrete sweat onto surface of skin and via what?

Answer 15

eccrine sweat glands

errcine duct

Question 16

apocrine ducts, where are they found?

Answer 16

axillary and groin regions

Question 17

What glands are associated with arrector pilli muscle?

Answer 17

found bellow sebaceous glands, therefore when they contract hairs stands up and sebum can be pushed up hair

Question 18

What has sympathetic innervation within the skin?

Answer 18

arrector pilli and eccrine glands

vessels- dilate etc when hot

Question 19

What do free nerve endings act as?

Answer 19

nocireceptors or thermoreceptors.
Others are associated with the shafts of hair follicles, - rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors, firing when the hairs are moved.
Merkel cells in the basal layer of the epithelium. The resulting Merkel cell-neurite complexes act as mechanoreceptors that respond to pressure.

Question 20

What are encapsulated nerve endings?

Answer 20

Mechanoreceptors

Question 21

where are merkel cells found?

Answer 21

basal layer of epidermis

Question 22

where are parcinians corpuscles found?

Answer 22

within the hypodermis

Question 23

where are messiners corouscles found?

Answer 23

tip of dermal papillae

Question 24

where are the ruffini bodies found?

Answer 24

dermis

Question 25

what does the merkle cell respond to?

Answer 25

sustained touch and pressure

Question 26

what does the pacinians corpuscle respond to?

Answer 26

deep pressure, rapid vibration and coarse touch

Question 27

what does the meissners corpuscle respond to?

Answer 27

texture, pressure and vibration

Question 28

what does the ruffini body respond to?

Answer 28

stretching and shearing