skin Flashcards
what occurs in the corneum layer?
dead cells highly packed with keratin, squamous where dead cells fall off
what happens in lucidum layer?
highly translucent layer, very thing
What happens in the granulosum layer?
release of cytoplasmic organelles, high lipid concentrated secretions
Cells loose nuclei and are turned into ketatinised squames of the next layer
What happens in the spinosum layer?
become polyhedral shaped, thick tufts of keratin
Langerhan cells
What layer are the langerhan cells found in?
striatum spinosum
What layer are merkel cells and melanocytes found in?
Striatum basale
What is found in the papillary layer of the dermis?
less dense connective tissue
What is found in reticular layer of the dermis ?
dense connective tissue
Where is the dermal plexus found?
base of the dermis
where does squamous cell carcinoma begin?`
Granulosum layer
Where does a malignant melanoma start?
From melanocytes in basal layer
What does HPV do to cause warts?
Increased amounts of keratin
What does thick skin not have? (glabrous)
non hairy, no sebaceous or apocrine glands
what secrete sebum into hair follicles?
sebaceous glands
what are found throughout the skin and secrete sweat onto surface of skin and via what?
eccrine sweat glands
errcine duct
apocrine ducts, where are they found?
axillary and groin regions
What glands are associated with arrector pilli muscle?
found bellow sebaceous glands, therefore when they contract hairs stands up and sebum can be pushed up hair
What has sympathetic innervation within the skin?
arrector pilli and eccrine glands
vessels- dilate etc when hot
What do free nerve endings act as?
nocireceptors or thermoreceptors.
Others are associated with the shafts of hair follicles, - rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors, firing when the hairs are moved.
Merkel cells in the basal layer of the epithelium. The resulting Merkel cell-neurite complexes act as mechanoreceptors that respond to pressure.
What are encapsulated nerve endings?
Mechanoreceptors
where are merkel cells found?
basal layer of epidermis
where are parcinians corpuscles found?
within the hypodermis
where are messiners corouscles found?
tip of dermal papillae
where are the ruffini bodies found?
dermis
what does the merkle cell respond to?
sustained touch and pressure
what does the pacinians corpuscle respond to?
deep pressure, rapid vibration and coarse touch
what does the meissners corpuscle respond to?
texture, pressure and vibration
what does the ruffini body respond to?
stretching and shearing
