Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patho exam 3 > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

A pt presents with lesions in the scalp and/or nails. What is this a tell tale sign for diagnosis?

A

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This disorder has typical oval plaques with well defined borders and silvery scales

A

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long does it take for a completely whole new epidermis to be replaced?

A

25-45 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If new epidermis is being created faster than the 25-45 day normal range, what could develop from the faster, un-mature epidermis?

A

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epidermis, dermis & hypodermis

A

What is the integument system (skin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

outermost superficial region?

A

epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

superficial fascia?

A

Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Deepest region?

A

Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the distinctive cell types of the outermost superficial region?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes and langerhans’ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the layers of the outermost superficial region?

A

Stratum Corneum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum and Stratum basale (germinativum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the layers of the outermost superficial region is waterproof and why?

A

Stratum granulosum and it is water proof due to housing the glycolipids from lamellated granules and keratohyaline granules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the layers of the outermost superficial region is housing the mitotic stem cells and what % of them are new cells?

A

Stratum Basale. they house 25% of all new cells and they also house merkel cells and melanocytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the layers of the outermost superficial region full of pre keratin?

A

Startum Spinosum. The pre keratin is made in thick bundles of intermediate filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cells found in the Stratum Spinosum?

A

Keratinocytes, desmosomes and langerhans’ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

produce the fibrous protein keratin (main structural protein of skin, hair, nails)

A

Keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

produce the brown pigment melanin

A

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system

A

Langerhans’ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings

A

Merkel cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which layer of the outermost superficial region are found mainly in the soles of feet and the palm of hands?

A

Statum lucidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

which cells in the outermost superficial region undergo mitosis, which produce keratinocytes?

A

Basal cells in the Stratum basale (GERMinativum) layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

No matter how dark or light someone skin color is… we all have the same amount of these?

A

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What protects us from UV light?

A

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What can cause free radicals?

A

UVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of light causes direct damage to DNA?

A

UVB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

This cell have a threadlike cytoplasmia-filled extensions that are used in passing these granules to the keratinocyte?

A

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Prevents UVB radiation damage, protective against skin cancers

A

Melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What type of person would have zero Melanin?

A

One affected with albinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

This has a greater local concentration of melanin

A

Freckles and moles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what stimulates melanin production?

A

Sunlight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Type I –VI

A

Fitzpatrick phototyping scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Type I is?

A

Very light/pale white which that person always burns, never tans

32
Q

type VI is?

A

black very dark brown to black, never burns and can be very easily de-pigmented

33
Q

skin region containing strong, flexible connective tissue

A

Dermis

34
Q

Cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and occasionally mast cells and white blood cells

A

Dermis

35
Q

Only this layer is vascularized?

A

Dermis

36
Q

what are the two layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular

37
Q

main structural protein of connective tissue

A

Collagen

38
Q

protein, imparts elastic properties

A

Elastin

39
Q

fine meshwork protein

A

Reticulin

40
Q

the dermis contains what proteins?

A

Collagen, Elastin, and Reticulin

41
Q

Papillary layer contains?

A

dermal papillae

42
Q

cleavage or tension lines where less dense, important for surgical incisions – parallel incisions heal with less scar and faster

A

Reticular Layer

43
Q

Extreme dermal stretch might result in?

A

striae

44
Q

what are striae?

A

stretch marks

45
Q

lines that surgeons will cut along?

A

Langerhans lines

46
Q

Subcutaneous layer is called?

A

Hypodermis

47
Q

Nails, hair, Sebaceous Glands, Eccrine Sweat Glands, Apocrine Sweat Glands, Blood Vessels Nerves and Fat

A

Dermal Appendages of the hypodermis

48
Q

Hard Keratin

A

Nails

49
Q

responsible for nail growth

A

Nail Matrix, Grow about 1mm every week

50
Q

where does one check for capillary refill?

A

nails

51
Q

fungal disease of the nail that is hard to treat

A

onychomycosis

52
Q

nail angle increased to atleast 180 degrees is called?

A

clubbing

53
Q

pitting of nails indicate?

A

psoriasis

54
Q

What are the 4 types of burns?

A

Radiation
Thermal
Chemical
Electrical

55
Q

How do you determine how significant the burn damage is?

A

Depth and Size of the burn

56
Q

Bulla

Blister

A

larger than .5cm

2nd degree burn

57
Q

pustule

A

Pus filled sac

Pimple

58
Q

Cyst

A

Fluid filled mass deep

59
Q

Telangiectasia

A

(Spider angioma)
Tiny red blood vessel lesion formed by dialation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole
Most common on face neck or chest

60
Q

Scale

A

Think flake of exfolative epidermis

Ex dandruff

61
Q

Keloid

A

Abnorm growth of scartissue thick and irrgecular

62
Q

Lichenification

A

Leathering and thickening

ex: in atopic dermatitis

63
Q

Excoriation

A

Scratch mark

64
Q

Macule

A

discolored flat spot up to 1 cm

Ex freckle

65
Q

Fissure

A

Linear crack in the skin

66
Q

Erosion

A

Gnawed away
Loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
Ex: after vesicle rupture

67
Q

Ulcer

A

Open soar on the skin Or mucus membrane
Can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection
Ex: decubitis ulcer

68
Q

Petechiae

A

Reddish brown spot, small purpura

Hemmoragic spots, indicate bleeding

69
Q

Purpura

A

Purple spot, from hemorrhages into the skin

70
Q

Comedone

A

Open- open to skin surface with black center from melanin exposed to air

Closed- below skin surface with white center

71
Q

Patch

A

Flat discolored are on the skin larger than 1cm

Ex vitiligo

72
Q

Papule

A

Solid mass on the skin up to .5cm in diameter

Ex Mole

73
Q

Plaque

A

Solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter

Limited to skin surface

74
Q

Nodule

A

Solid mass greater than 1 cm

Extends deeper into epidermis

75
Q

Tumor

A

Solid mass larger than 1-2cm

76
Q

Wheal

A

Area of localized skin edema

Ex: hive

77
Q

Vesicle

A

Little bladder
Elevated fluid filled sac up to .5 cm
Within or under epidermis

Ex: blister

Patho exam 3 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions