Skin Flashcards
The school nurse has provided an instructional session about impetigo to parents of the children attending the school. Which statement, if made by a parent, indicates a need for further instruction?
1.”It is extremely contagious.”
2.”It is most common in humid weather.”
3.”Lesions most often are located on the arms and chest.”
4.”It might show up in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite.”
Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection of the skin caused by b-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococci, or both. Impetigo is most common during hot, humid summer months. Impetigo may begin in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite or atopic dermatitis. Impetigo is extremely contagious. Lesions usually are located around the mouth and nose, but may be present on the hands and extremities.
- Lesions most often are located on the arms and chest.”
Rub in cream ?
Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly.
A topical corticosteroid is prescribed by a health care provider for a child with atopic dermatitis (eczema). Which instruction should the nurse give the parent about applying the cream?
1.Apply the cream over the entire body.
2.Apply a thick layer of cream to affected areas only.
3.Avoid cleansing the area before application of the cream.
4.Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly.
Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly.
Atopic dermatitis is a superficial inflammatory process involving primarily the epidermis. A topical corticosteroid may be prescribed and should be applied sparingly (thin layer) and rubbed into the area thoroughly. The affected area should be cleaned gently before application. A topical corticosteroid should not be applied over extensive areas. Systemic absorption is more likely to occur with extensive application.
The school nurse is conducting pediculosis capitis (head lice) assessments. Which finding indicates a child has a “positive” head check?
1.Maculopapular lesions behind the ears
2.Lesions in the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck
3.White flaky particles throughout the entire scalp region
4.White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area
- White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area
Pediculosis capitis is an infestation of the hair and scalp with lice. The nits are visible and attached firmly to the hair shaft near the scalp. The occiput is an area in which nits can be seen. Maculopapular lesions behind the ears or lesions that extend to the hairline or neck are indicative of an infectious process, not pediculosis. White flaky particles are indicative of dandruff.
Impetigo ordinarily results in which of the following?
a. No scarring
b. Pigmented spots
c. Slightly depressed scars
d. Atrophic white scars
ANS: A
Impetigo tends to heal without scarring unless a secondary infection occurs.
Cellulitis is often caused by:
a. herpes zoster.
b. Candida albicans.
c. human papillomavirus.
d. Streptococcus or Staphylococcus organisms.
ANS: D
Streptococci, staphylococci, and Haemophilus influenzae are the organisms usually responsible for cellulitis.
The nurse is talking to the parents of a child with pediculosis capitis. Which of the following should the nurse include when explaining how to manage pediculosis capitis?
a. “You will need to cut the hair shorter if infestation and nits are severe.”
b. “You can distinguish viable from nonviable nits, and remove all viable ones.”
c. “You can wash all nits out of hair with a regular shampoo.”
d. “You will need to remove nits with an extra-fine tooth comb or tweezers.”
ANS: D
Treatment consists of the application of pediculicide and manual removal of nit cases. An extra-fine tooth comb facilitates manual removal.
The nurse should know that Lyme disease is which of the following?
a. Difficult to prevent
b. Easily treated with oral antibiotics in stages 1, 2, and 3
c. Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite
d. Common in geographic areas where the soil contains the mycotic spores that cause the disease
ANS: C
Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, a spirochete spread by ticks. The early characteristic rash is erythema migrans.
The nurse is teaching a class on preventing diaper rash in newborns to a group of new parents. Which of the following statements made by a parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
a. “I should wash my infant’s buttocks with soap and water every time I change the diaper.”
b. “I will wash with a mild soap and water and dry thoroughly whenever my infant has a bowel movement.”
c. “I should wash my infant’s buttocks with soap before applying a thin layer of oil.”
d. “I will apply baby oil and powder to the creases in my infant’s buttocks.”
ANS: A
Overwashing the skin should be avoided, especially with perfumed soaps or commercial wipes, which may be irritating.
