Skin Flashcards
Give 6 functions of skin?
1) Barrier to infection
2) Thermoregulation
3) Protection against trauma
4) Protection against UV
5) Vitamin D synthesis
6) Regulation of H2O loss
State 3 layers of skin? (out to in)
1) Epidermis
2) Dermis
3) Subcutaneous tissue
What are layers of epidermis?
1) Corneum
2) Lucidum
3) Granulosum
4) Spinosum
5) Basale
Come lets get sunburned
Label dermis layers (R)?
What is dermis composed of?
Glands
Tough connective tissue
What is subcutaneous tissue composed of?
Fat and connective tissue
What links corneocytes?
Corneodesmosomes
What cells contain NMF?
Corneocytes
What structures surronds corneocytes?
Cornified envelope
What is NMF and pH?
Natural moisturising factor
Maintain pH
Function of lipid lamellae?
Water barrier
Allow cells to swell
What structure allows cells to swell?
Lipid lamellae
Label
What is pH of skin?
4.7
Below 5
Function emolients?
Trap moisture in skin
Function humectants?
Trap moisture
Maintain low pH
What does profilaggrin turn into? (pathway)
1) Profilaggrin
2) Filaggrin
3) NMF
4) Maintain low pH
What is process of shedding cells from surface called?
Desquamation
Why does skin have low pH?
Moisture in
Bacteria out
Explain process of desquamation?
1) Degradatory proteases
2) Corneodesmosomes
3) Desquamation
Low pH inhibits protease inhibitors
State process of acne?
1) Hypercornification of skin
2) Blocks hair follicle entrance
3) Sebum released from sebaceous glands
4) Trapped in narrow hair follicle
5) No oxygen provides anaerobic conditions
6) Allows propionic bacteria to multiply
7) Bacteria breakdown triglycerides into fatty acids
8) Result: Increased irritation
Increased inflammation
Attraction of neutrophils
9) Pus and further inflammation
What process blocks hair follicle entrance?
Hypercornification
What is released from sebaceous glands?
Sebum
