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PE Part 4 - Mr Williams > Skill Aquisition > Flashcards

Skill Aquisition Flashcards

1
Q

what is a complex skill?

A

a skill where you have to make lots of decisions

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2
Q

what do you call a skill where you have to make lots of decisions?

A

a complex skill

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3
Q

what is a simple skill?

A

skill without needing lots of decisions

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4
Q

what do you call a skill that requires minimal decisions?

A

a simple skill

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5
Q

whats an example of a simple skill?

A

a sprint start in swimming

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6
Q

an example of a complex skill?

A

a pass by a midefield player in hockey

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7
Q

what are open skills?

A

skills that are affected by the environment.
have to adapt

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8
Q

an example of an open skill?

A

a pass by a midfielder in hockey

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9
Q

what are closed skills?

A

skills that are not affected by the environment

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10
Q

an example of a closed skill?

A

a free throw in basketball

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11
Q

what type of skill is not affected by the environment?

A

a closed skill

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12
Q

what type of skill is affected by the environment?

A

an open skill

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13
Q

what kind of scale is the open-closed one?

A

a continuum

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14
Q

what is a self-paced skill?

A

the athlete chooses the rate at which they execute the skill

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15
Q

what type of skill usually is a self-paced skill?

A

A closed one

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16
Q

what is an example of a self-paced skill?

A

a javelin throw

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17
Q

what is an externally paced skill?

A

the environment, may or may not include opponent, controls the rate at which the skill is executed

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18
Q

what kind skill is an externally paced skill usually?

A

open skill

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19
Q

example of externally paced skill?

A

receiving a badminton serve

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20
Q

what is a gross skill?

A

a skill that involves large muscle movements

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21
Q

what is a fine skill?

A

a skill that requires more intricate movements using smaller muscle groups

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22
Q

what kind of scale is gross-fine scale?

A

a continuum

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23
Q

what kind of skill is a discrete skill?

A

a clear beginning, middle and end

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24
Q

what is a continuous skill?

A

no obvious beginning or end. skill is repeated as a set pattern

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25
Q

example of a continuous skill?

A

cycling

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26
Q

example of a discrete skill?

A

penalty kick in football

27
Q

what is a serial skill?

A

several discrete skills altogether

28
Q

example of a serial skill?

A

triple jump

29
Q

what is a highly organised skill?

A

a skill that is hard to break up

30
Q

example of a highly organised skill?

A

dribbling in basketball

31
Q

what is a low organised skill?

A

a skill that can easily be split and identified into sections

32
Q

example of a low organisation skill?

A

tennis serve

33
Q

what is a skill with subroutnes which are hard to separate ad identify?

A

high organisation

34
Q

what is proactive transfer?

A

the influence of one skill on a skill that is yet to be performed

35
Q

what is retroactive transfer?

A

the influence of one skill on the learning or performance of a skill previosly learned
(e.g a double twist making rudy hard)

36
Q

what is positive transfer?

A

when the learning one skill helps the learning and performance of another

37
Q

bilateral transfer?

A

the transfer of learning from one limb to another (e.g mirroring)

38
Q
A
39
Q

What is whole practice?

A

Repeating the whole series of actions.
Gymnastics skills are usually done as a whole - round off bhs full

40
Q

What is part practise?

A

When skills are split up
e.g doing drills

41
Q

What kind of organisation would use part practise?

A

Low organisation as it is easy to split it into sub routines

42
Q

What is whole-part-whole practise?

A

Doing the whole skill
Split it up
Doing the whole skill

43
Q

What is progressive-part practice?

A

Learning several subroutines to form the whole movement.
Then piecing it together

44
Q

What is massed practice?

A

When you have no intervals

45
Q

What is distributed practice?

A

When rest breaks are given to allow for recuperation

46
Q

What is varied practice?

A

Using lots of different methods to achieve a learning goal

47
Q

What is Fixed practice?

A

Involves a stable and predictable environment where conditions remain fixed.
Usually for closed skills.

48
Q

What is intrinsic feed back?

A

Feedback from the athlete them selves.
Through kinaesthetic sense.

49
Q

What is extrinsic feedback?

A

Feedback from results
The outcome and how well the performance went
Coaches and video playback

50
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Rewards or praise

51
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Form of Criticism

52
Q

What is the first stage of learning?

A

Cognitive

53
Q

What is the second stage of learning?

A

Associative

54
Q

What is the last stage on learning?

A

Autonomous

55
Q

What is verbal guidance?

A

Verbal feedback given by coach or teacher

56
Q

What is Visual guidance?

A

Images or demonstrations
Highlighted key points
Gives a mental image

57
Q

What is manual or mechanical guidance?

A

Physical support by another person
Or mechanical support
E.G a twisting belt in trampolining

58
Q

What is the operant conditioning theory of learning?

A

A cognitive theory
- emphasises the mental processes
-also being told what told to do

59
Q

What are intervening variables?

A

Mental processes between the stimulus and the response

60
Q

What is insight learning?

A

Problem solving involving memory of previous experiences

61
Q

What is the law of exercise?

A

That repeating the SR connections is more likely to strengthen them

62
Q

What is the law of effect?

A

Pleasant outcomes are likely to motivate the player and increase SR bond

63
Q

Law of readiness?

A

The performer must be able mentally and physically to complete the test effectively

64
Q

What is the social/ observational learning theory?

A

When we see someone doing something we are motivated to do it to.

PE Part 4 - Mr Williams (2 decks)

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