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PE Part 4 - Mr Williams > Skill Aquisition > Flashcards

Skill Aquisition Flashcards

1
Q

what is a complex skill?

A

a skill where you have to make lots of decisions

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2
Q

what do you call a skill where you have to make lots of decisions?

A

a complex skill

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3
Q

what is a simple skill?

A

skill without needing lots of decisions

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4
Q

what do you call a skill that requires minimal decisions?

A

a simple skill

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5
Q

whats an example of a simple skill?

A

a sprint start in swimming

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6
Q

an example of a complex skill?

A

a pass by a midefield player in hockey

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7
Q

what are open skills?

A

skills that are affected by the environment.
have to adapt

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8
Q

an example of an open skill?

A

a pass by a midfielder in hockey

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9
Q

what are closed skills?

A

skills that are not affected by the environment

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10
Q

an example of a closed skill?

A

a free throw in basketball

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11
Q

what type of skill is not affected by the environment?

A

a closed skill

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12
Q

what type of skill is affected by the environment?

A

an open skill

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13
Q

what kind of scale is the open-closed one?

A

a continuum

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14
Q

what is a self-paced skill?

A

the athlete chooses the rate at which they execute the skill

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15
Q

what type of skill usually is a self-paced skill?

A

A closed one

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16
Q

what is an example of a self-paced skill?

A

a javelin throw

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17
Q

what is an externally paced skill?

A

the environment, may or may not include opponent, controls the rate at which the skill is executed

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18
Q

what kind skill is an externally paced skill usually?

A

open skill

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19
Q

example of externally paced skill?

A

receiving a badminton serve

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20
Q

what is a gross skill?

A

a skill that involves large muscle movements

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21
Q

what is a fine skill?

A

a skill that requires more intricate movements using smaller muscle groups

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22
Q

what kind of scale is gross-fine scale?

A

a continuum

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23
Q

what kind of skill is a discrete skill?

A

a clear beginning, middle and end

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24
Q

what is a continuous skill?

A

no obvious beginning or end. skill is repeated as a set pattern

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25
example of a continuous skill?
cycling
26
example of a discrete skill?
penalty kick in football
27
what is a serial skill?
several discrete skills altogether
28
example of a serial skill?
triple jump
29
what is a highly organised skill?
a skill that is hard to break up
30
example of a highly organised skill?
dribbling in basketball
31
what is a low organised skill?
a skill that can easily be split and identified into sections
32
example of a low organisation skill?
tennis serve
33
what is a skill with subroutnes which are hard to separate ad identify?
high organisation
34
what is proactive transfer?
the influence of one skill on a skill that is yet to be performed
35
what is retroactive transfer?
the influence of one skill on the learning or performance of a skill previosly learned (e.g a double twist making rudy hard)
36
what is positive transfer?
when the learning one skill helps the learning and performance of another
37
bilateral transfer?
the transfer of learning from one limb to another (e.g mirroring)
38
39
What is whole practice?
Repeating the whole series of actions. Gymnastics skills are usually done as a whole - round off bhs full
40
What is part practise?
When skills are split up e.g doing drills
41
What kind of organisation would use part practise?
Low organisation as it is easy to split it into sub routines
42
What is whole-part-whole practise?
Doing the whole skill Split it up Doing the whole skill
43
What is progressive-part practice?
Learning several subroutines to form the whole movement. Then piecing it together
44
What is massed practice?
When you have no intervals
45
What is distributed practice?
When rest breaks are given to allow for recuperation
46
What is varied practice?
Using lots of different methods to achieve a learning goal
47
What is Fixed practice?
Involves a stable and predictable environment where conditions remain fixed. Usually for closed skills.
48
What is intrinsic feed back?
Feedback from the athlete them selves. Through kinaesthetic sense.
49
What is extrinsic feedback?
Feedback from results The outcome and how well the performance went Coaches and video playback
50
What is positive feedback?
Rewards or praise
51
What is negative feedback?
Form of Criticism
52
What is the first stage of learning?
Cognitive
53
What is the second stage of learning?
Associative
54
What is the last stage on learning?
Autonomous
55
What is verbal guidance?
Verbal feedback given by coach or teacher
56
What is Visual guidance?
Images or demonstrations Highlighted key points Gives a mental image
57
What is manual or mechanical guidance?
Physical support by another person Or mechanical support E.G a twisting belt in trampolining
58
What is the operant conditioning theory of learning?
A cognitive theory - emphasises the mental processes -also being told what told to do
59
What are intervening variables?
Mental processes between the stimulus and the response
60
What is insight learning?
Problem solving involving memory of previous experiences
61
What is the law of exercise?
That repeating the SR connections is more likely to strengthen them
62
What is the law of effect?
Pleasant outcomes are likely to motivate the player and increase SR bond
63
Law of readiness?
The performer must be able mentally and physically to complete the test effectively
64
What is the social/ observational learning theory?
When we see someone doing something we are motivated to do it to.

PE Part 4 - Mr Williams (3 decks)

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