Skeletal System (projections & Depressions)

Question 1

Functions of Bone System

Answer 1

support
protection
movement
mineral storage
blood cell formation
triglyceride energy storage (yellow marrow)

Question 2

3 Main Cartilage

Answer 2

Hyaline (moveable joints)
Elastic (recoils)
Fibrocartilage (Absorbs shock)

Question 3

Axial Skeleton

Answer 3

skull, vertebrae, and ribs
(protection and support)

Question 4

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 4

appendages/arm and legs
(movement)

Question 5

Bone Classification

Answer 5

long bone (humerus)
short bone (talus)
flat bone (sternum)
irregular bone (vertebra)

Question 6

2 type of bone markings

Answer 6

projections - connection (sites of muscle and ligament attachments, helps form joints

depressions- passageways for blood vessels

Question 7

projection- tuberosity

Answer 7

large rounded projection; may be roughened

Question 8

projection- crest

Answer 8

narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

Question 9

projection- trochanter

Answer 9

very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only on femur)

Question 10

projection- line

Answer 10

narrow ridge of bones; less prominent than a crest

Question 11

projection- tubercle

Answer 11

small rounded projection or process

Question 12

projection- epicondyle

Answer 12

raised area on or above condyle

Question 13

projection- spine

Answer 13

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Question 14

projection- process

Answer 14

any bony prominence

Question 15

projection- head

Answer 15

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Question 16

projection- condyle

Answer 16

rounded articular projection

Question 17

projection- ramus

Answer 17

armlike bar of bone

Question 18

depression- facet

Answer 18

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Question 19

depression- groove

Answer 19

furrow

Question 20

depression- fissure

Answer 20

narrow, slitlike opening

Question 21

depression- foramen

Answer 21

round or oval opening through a bone

Question 22

depression- notch

Answer 22

indentation at the edge of a structure

Question 23

depression- meatus

Answer 23

canal-like passageway

Question 24

depression- fossa

Answer 24

shallow, basinlike depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface

Question 25

depression- sinus

Answer 25

cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

Question 26

2 chemical compositions of bones

Answer 26

organic and inorganic

Question 27

organic

Answer 27

flexibility
Ex:ground substance & collagen fibers

Question 28

inorganic

Answer 28

rigidity
Ex: calcium

Question 29

epiphyseal

Answer 29

growth plates

Question 30

visceral

Answer 30

Third subdivision- comprised of lower jaw, some upper jaw, brachial arches

Question 31

conche

Answer 31

nose bones
increased surface area
good for cold air

Question 32

Sinus

Answer 32

immunity / filters
for talking
dissipates force to brain

Question 33

Fontanel

Answer 33

soft spots in baby heads
helps baby get out of birthing canal

Question 34

Compact bone

Answer 34

Dense outer layer, looks smooth

Question 35

Spongy (cancellous) bone

Answer 35

Inner-layer, lots of open space