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Axial and Appendicular Skeleton > Skeletal system- axial skeleton markings > Flashcards

Skeletal system- axial skeleton markings Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of bone?

A

Spongy and compact

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2
Q

What are the classifications of bone shape?

A

long, flat, irregular, and short bone

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3
Q

What is a tuberosity?

A

A bone marking large rounded projection that may be roughened, for muscle and ligament attachment

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4
Q

What is a crest?

A

The bone marking that is a narrow ridge of a bone that is usually prominent, for muscle and ligament attachment

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5
Q

What is a Trochanter?

A

A bone marking that is very large blunt irregularly shaped process that is only present on the femur; for muscle and ligament attachment

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6
Q

What is a line?

A

A bone marking that is narrow on a ridge but less prominent than a crest. For muscle and ligament attachment

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7
Q

What is a tubercle?

A

A bone marking that is a small rounded projection or process. For muscle and ligament attachment

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8
Q

What is an epicondyle?

A

A bone marking that is a raised area on or above a condyle. For muscle and ligament attachment

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9
Q

What is a spine?

A

A bone marking that is a sharp slender and often pointed projection. For muscle and ligament attachment

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10
Q

What is a process?

A

A bone marking that is a bony prominence. For muscle and ligament attachment.

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11
Q

What is a head?

A

A bone marking that is a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck. Aids in joint formation

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12
Q

What is a Facet?

A

A bone marking that is smooth, nearly flat articular surface. Aids in joint formation

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13
Q

What is a condyle

A

A bone marking that is a rounded articular projection. Aids in joint formation.

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14
Q

What is a ramus

A

A bone marking that is the armlike bar of bone; aids in joint formation.

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15
Q

What is a fissure

A

A bone marking that is a narrow slit like opening, for the passage of vessels and nerves

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16
Q

What is a foramen

A

A bone marking that is a round oval opening through a bone, for the passage of vessels and nerves

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17
Q

What is a Notch

A

A bone marking that is an indention at the edge of a structure

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18
Q

What is a meatus

A

A canal like passageway

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19
Q

What is a sinus

A

A bone cavity that is filled with air and lined with a mucous membrane

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20
Q

What is a fossa

A

A shallow basin like depression in bone that often serves as an articular surface.

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21
Q

What is the significance of the foramen magnum on the skull

A

The large opening of bone that allows the spinal chord to join with the brain stem

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22
Q

What is the significance of the occipital condyles

A

The rounded projections that are lateral to the foramen magnum and articulate with the first cervical vertebrae (atlas)

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23
Q

What is the significance of the hypoglossal canal

A

The opening medial and superior to the occipital condyles through which the cranial nerve will pass through

24
Q

What is the significance of the external occipital protuberance

A

Midline prominence posterior to the foramen magnum

25
Q

What is the significance of the greater wings on the sphenoid bone

A

Project laterally from the sphenoid body, forming parts of the middle cranial fossa and the orbits.

26
Q

What is the significance of the pterygoid process on the sphenoid bone

A

Project inferiorly from the greater wings; attachment site for chewing muscles

27
Q

What is the significance of the superior orbital fissures on the sphenoid bone

A

Slits the orbits, providing passage of cranial nerves that control eye movement

28
Q

What is the significance of the sella turcica on the sphenoid bone

A

Located on the superior surface of the body; the seat of the saddle and holds the pituitary gland.

29
Q

What is the significance of the lesser wings on the sphenoid bone

A

Form part of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and part of the orbit

30
Q

What is the significance of the optic canals on the sphenoid bone

A

Form the openings of the base in the lesser wings, the cranial nerve passess through to serve the eye

31
Q

What is the significance of the foramen rotundum on the sphenoid bone

A

Opening located in the medial part of the lesser wing the optic cranial nerve passess through

32
Q

What is the significance of the foramen ovale on the sphenoid bone

A

Openings are located posterolateral to the foramen rotundum and a branch of the cranial nerve passess through

33
Q

What is the significance of the foramen spinosum on the sphenoid bone

A

Openings are located posterolateral the foramen ovale and provide passage for the meningeal artery.

34
Q

What is the significance of the crista galli on the ethmoid bone

A

Known as the rooster’s comb, and is a superior projection that attaches to the dura mater, helps secure the brain within the skull

35
Q

What is the significance of the cribriform plates on the ethmoid bone

A

Located lateral to the crista galli and form a portion of the roof of the nasal cavity and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa

36
Q

What is the significance of the cribriform foramina on the ethmoid bone

A

Tiny holes on the cribriform plates that allow for the passage of filaments to the olfactory nerve

37
Q

What is the significance of the perpendicular plate on the ethmoid bone

A

An inferior projection that forms the superior portion of the nasal septum

38
Q

What is the significance of the lateral masses on the ethmoid bone?

A

Flank the perpendicular plate on each side and are filled with sinuses

39
Q

What is the significance of orbital plates on the ethmoid bone?

A

Lateral surfaces of the lateral masses that act as turbinates and improve airflow in the nasal cavity.

40
Q

What is the significance of the lacrimal fossa on the facial bones

A

Houses the lacrimal sac and is responsible for draining tears from the nasal cavity

41
Q

What is the significance of the vomer bone on the facial bones

A

Thin blade shaped bone that is responsible for for formation of the inferior nasal septum

42
Q

What is the significance of the horizontal plate of the facial bone

A

A part of the palatine bone that forms the posterior portion of the hard palate

43
Q

What is the significance of the median palatine suture on the facial bones

A

A part of the palatine bone that is the median fusion of the horizontal plates of the palatine bone.

44
Q

What is the significance of the frontal process of the facial bones

A

A part of the maxilla that forms a part of the lateral aspect of the bridge of the nose

45
Q

What is the significance of the infraorbital foramen on the facial bones

A

A part of the maxilla that forms the opening under the orbit that forms a passageway for the infraorbital artery and nerve.

46
Q

What is the significance of the palatine process on the facial bones?

A

Forms the anterior hard palate

47
Q

What is the significance of the zygomatic process on the facial bones

A

The articulation process for the zygomatic bones a part of the maxilla

48
Q

What is the significance of the alveolar process of the facial bones

A

The inferior margin of the maxilla; contains sockets in which the teeth lie

49
Q

What is the significance of the condylar process on the facial bones

A

To articulate with the mandibular fossa a part of the mandible

50
Q

What is the significance of the coronoid process on the facial bones

A

The crown shaped portion of the ramus for muscle attachment

51
Q

What is the significance of the mandibular notches on the facial bones

A

To separate the condylar process and the coronoid process.

52
Q

What is the significance of the body of the facial bones mandible

A

The horizontal portion that forms the chin

53
Q

What is the significance of the ramus on the facial bones

A

A part of the mandible that is vertical extension of the body

54
Q

What is the significance of mandibular angles on the facial bones

A

A part of the mandible that is the posterior point where the ramus meets the body

55
Q

What is the significance of mental foramina on the facial bones

A

A part of the mandible that is the paired openings lateral to midline that transmit blood vessels and nerves to the lower lip and skin of chin

56
Q

What is significance of the alveolar process on the mandible of the facial bones

A

The superior margin of the mandible that contains sockets in which the teeth lie

57
Q

What is the significance of the mandibular foramina on the facial bones

A

Located on the medial surface of each ramus; the passageway for each nerve involved in tooth sensation .

Axial and Appendicular Skeleton (1 decks)

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