Skeletal System Flashcards
Learn about the main functions, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, parts of the skeleton, vertebral column devision, joints, bine structure and adaptations, integumentary system, hair types, nails, claws, hooves, horns, antlers, feather stuctures, feather types, locomotions, arthritis, hip dysplasia and osteochondritis.
What are the main five functions of the skeletal system?
- Movement- skeletal muscles attach to bones
- Protection- some bones protect the organs such as ribs
- Support- provides a rigid framework which gives us our shape and support
- Haemopoiesis- this is the production of blood cells which are produced to the bone marrow
- Mineral storage- some bones, like the cranium, stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorous.
What bone supports the body?
The spinal cord
What bone can store minerals?
The cranium
What bone allows movement?
The femur
What bone allows protection?
The ribs
What bone can produce blood cells (haemopoiesis)?
The humerous
What are the three types of cartilage?
- Elastic
- Hyline
- Fibrocartilage
Where is elastic cartilage located?
Elactic cartilage is located in the ears, nose and epiglottis
Where is hyline cartilage located?
Hyline cartilage is located in the knees, sholders, between the ribs, wrists and hips
Where is fibrocartilage located?
Fibrocartilage is located in the intevertebral discs in the spinal cord and in joint capsules.
What is the structure of the elasitc cartilage?
It is very flexible and contains a lot of elastic fibres
What is the stucture of hyline cartilage?
It is smooth with minimal flexibility, its tough, has a glassy apperance and contains lots of collagen fibres
What is the structure of fibrocartilage?
It is very tough and also flexible, it isn’t very smooth and also contains collagen fibres
What is the function of elastic carilage
It gives the ear a shape which helps to collect sounds and to maintain it shape and structure. Kind of like a satellite
What is the function of hyline cartilage?
It keeps the joints moving and sliding together nicely
What is the function of fibrocartilage?
It’s a shock absorber which helps protect the spine.
What is a ligament? What do they do?
A ligament is tissue that are tough and elastic. These are found around your joints and helps connects bone to bone. They provide support and it also limits your movments.
What is a tendon? What do they do?
A tendon is also tissue, but these are very strong and not very elastic. Tendons connect bones to muscle, this is so that the muscles can move the bone through contacting and relaxing. These are located at the end of muscles to be attached to bones.
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
The skull, the spinal cord, the ribs and sternum
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
The girdles and the limbs of the skeleton.
How many sections does an animals vertebra split into? What are they called?
- Cervical vertebra
- Thoracic vertebra
- Lumbar vertebra
- Sacrum
- Caudal vertebra
What are inbetween the vertebra?
There are intervertebral discs
What are the three classifications of joints?
- Fixed
- Slightly moveable
- Moveable
Where is a fixed joint located?
The skull
