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Animal Biology > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

Learn about the main functions, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, parts of the skeleton, vertebral column devision, joints, bine structure and adaptations, integumentary system, hair types, nails, claws, hooves, horns, antlers, feather stuctures, feather types, locomotions, arthritis, hip dysplasia and osteochondritis.

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1
Q

What are the main five functions of the skeletal system?

A
  1. Movement- skeletal muscles attach to bones
  2. Protection- some bones protect the organs such as ribs
  3. Support- provides a rigid framework which gives us our shape and support
  4. Haemopoiesis- this is the production of blood cells which are produced to the bone marrow
  5. Mineral storage- some bones, like the cranium, stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorous.
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2
Q

What bone supports the body?

A

The spinal cord

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3
Q

What bone can store minerals?

A

The cranium

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4
Q

What bone allows movement?

A

The femur

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5
Q

What bone allows protection?

A

The ribs

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6
Q

What bone can produce blood cells (haemopoiesis)?

A

The humerous

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7
Q

What are the three types of cartilage?

A
  1. Elastic
  2. Hyline
  3. Fibrocartilage
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8
Q

Where is elastic cartilage located?

A

Elactic cartilage is located in the ears, nose and epiglottis

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9
Q

Where is hyline cartilage located?

A

Hyline cartilage is located in the knees, sholders, between the ribs, wrists and hips

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10
Q

Where is fibrocartilage located?

A

Fibrocartilage is located in the intevertebral discs in the spinal cord and in joint capsules.

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11
Q

What is the structure of the elasitc cartilage?

A

It is very flexible and contains a lot of elastic fibres

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12
Q

What is the stucture of hyline cartilage?

A

It is smooth with minimal flexibility, its tough, has a glassy apperance and contains lots of collagen fibres

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13
Q

What is the structure of fibrocartilage?

A

It is very tough and also flexible, it isn’t very smooth and also contains collagen fibres

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14
Q

What is the function of elastic carilage

A

It gives the ear a shape which helps to collect sounds and to maintain it shape and structure. Kind of like a satellite

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15
Q

What is the function of hyline cartilage?

A

It keeps the joints moving and sliding together nicely

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16
Q

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

A

It’s a shock absorber which helps protect the spine.

17
Q

What is a ligament? What do they do?

A

A ligament is tissue that are tough and elastic. These are found around your joints and helps connects bone to bone. They provide support and it also limits your movments.

18
Q

What is a tendon? What do they do?

A

A tendon is also tissue, but these are very strong and not very elastic. Tendons connect bones to muscle, this is so that the muscles can move the bone through contacting and relaxing. These are located at the end of muscles to be attached to bones.

19
Q

What does the axial skeleton consist of?

A

The skull, the spinal cord, the ribs and sternum

20
Q

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

A

The girdles and the limbs of the skeleton.

21
Q

How many sections does an animals vertebra split into? What are they called?

A
  1. Cervical vertebra
  2. Thoracic vertebra
  3. Lumbar vertebra
  4. Sacrum
  5. Caudal vertebra
22
Q

What are inbetween the vertebra?

A

There are intervertebral discs

23
Q

What are the three classifications of joints?

A
  1. Fixed
  2. Slightly moveable
  3. Moveable
24
Q

Where is a fixed joint located?

A

The skull

25
Q

Where is a slightly moveable joint located?

A

The back bone

26
Q

Where is a moveable joint located?

A

In the knees, fingers and elbows

27
Q

What movement can fixed joints produce?

A

They produce no movement as they cannot move.

28
Q

What movement can slightly moveable joints produce?

A

They have minamle movement meaning that only have limited movement/ restricted

29
Q

What movement can moveable joints produce?

A

These joints can move freely without any restrictions or effort

30
Q

What is the function of fixed joints?

A

They protect the organs

31
Q

What are the functions of slightly moveable joints?

A

They provide support and minimal movement

32
Q

What are the functions of moveable joints?

A

They provide movement to help with day to day activities such as grabbing objects

33
Q

What can moveable be classifed into?

A
  1. Gliding joints
  2. Condyloid joints
  3. Hinge joints
  4. Pivot joints
  5. Saddle joints
  6. Ball and socket joints

Animal Biology (1 decks)

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