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health science 20 > skeletal system > Flashcards

skeletal system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

primary composed of

A

bones
cartilage
ligaments

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2
Q

bones

A

made of osseous tissue, a hard dense connect tissue

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3
Q

cartilage

A

semi-rigid form of connective tissue that provides flexibility and smooth surfaces

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4
Q

ligaments

A

dense connective tissue that holds joints together

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5
Q

six main functions

A 
support
protection
movement
storage
endocrine regulation
blood cell production
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6
Q

support

A

frame that supports the body and maintains shape

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7
Q

protection

A

vital protection for our internal organ

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8
Q

movement

A

facilitated movement

ball and socket, hinge, pivot

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9
Q

ball and socket

A

shoulder and hip joints

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10
Q

hinge

A

knee and elbow joints

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11
Q

pivot

A

forearm, ankle and neck joints

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12
Q

storage

A

store a number of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron)

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13
Q

endocrine regulation

A

bone cells release osteocalcin, which is vital for blood sugar regulation, insulin levels and fat development

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14
Q

blood cell production

A

blood cell production takes place in bone marrow

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15
Q

red bone marrow

A

where blood cell production takes place

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16
Q

yellow marrow

A

comprised mainly of fat cells= released to provide energy

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17
Q

types of bones

A

axial: skull, rib cage, sternum, spinal column, bones that protect internal organs
appendicular: every other bone, supports your appendages

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18
Q

five types of bones

A 
flat bones
long bones
short bones
irregular bones
sesamoid bones
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19
Q

flat bones

A

protect internal organs

ex: scapula, cranium, sternum

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20
Q

long bones

A

support weight and facilitate movement

ex: femur, humerus, radius

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21
Q

short bones

A

cube shaped, provides stability and movement

ex: carpals and tarsals

22
Q

irregular bones

A

irregular shapes, protect certain internal organs

ex: spinal column, pelvis

23
Q

sesamoid bones

A

small round bones found in tendons that keep the tendons from wearing down
ex: patella

24
Q

cranium

A

upper skull

25
Q

maxilla

A

upper jaw, helps chewing

26
Q

mandible

A

lower jaw, helps chewing

27
Q

clavicle

A

collarbone, supports the shoulder

28
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade, helps arm movement

29
Q

humerus

A

connects with shoulder socket

30
Q

radius

A

thumb side

31
Q

ulna

A

pinky side

32
Q

carpals

A

bones in wrist

33
Q

metacarpals

A

close to palm

34
Q

phalanges

A

fingers and thumbs

35
Q

sternum

A

breast bone (connects to ribs from cartilage)

36
Q

ribs

A

expand and contract as you breath, protects lungs and heart

37
Q

vertabrae

A

form spinal column

38
Q

pelvis

A

hip socket

39
Q

femur

A

upper leg (knee to hip)

40
Q

tibia

A

large leg bone

41
Q

fibula

A

long and thin leg bone

42
Q

patella

A

knee cap

43
Q

tarsals

A

helps arch in foot

44
Q

metatarsals

A

helps arch in foot

45
Q

phalanges

A

toes

46
Q

different types of bone fractures

A

displaced, non-displaced, closed, open

47
Q

displaced fracture

A

the bone snaps into two or more parts and moves so that the two ends are not lined up straight

48
Q

non-displaced fracture

A

the bone cracks either part or all of the way through, but does more and maintains its proper alignment

49
Q

closed fracture

A

bone breaks but there is no puncture or open wound in the skin

50
Q

open fracture

A

bone breaks through the skin

health science 20 (2 decks)

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